Kertas kerja ini membincangkan bagaimana strategi penyelidikan kualitatif (intensif) dan kuantitatif (ekstensif) berbeza dengan membandingkan aspek–aspek epistemologi dan ontologi dan bagaimana kepercayaan dan pandangan ini menepati objektif intelektual yang berbeza. Pertama sekali kertas kerja ini membincangkan kepentingan memahami falsafah dalam penyelidikan sains sosial dan hubungannya dengan strategi penyelidikan kualitatif (intensif) dan kuantitatif (ekstensif). Kemudian, perbincangan diteruskan dengan membandingkan dua jenis strategi penyelidikan ini berhubung dengan orientasi utama terhadap peranan teori, anggapan–anggapan epistemologi dan ontologi. Anggapan–anggapan epistemologi yang dibincangkan dalam kertas kerja ini termasuklah intepretivism bagi strategi penyelidikan kualitatif (intensif) dan positivisme bagi strategi penyelidikan kuantitatif (ekstensif). Manakala anggapan–anggapan ontologi yang dibincangkan dalam kertas kerja ini meragkumi subjectivism/constructivism bagi penyelidikan kualitatif (intensif) dan objektivisme bagi strategi penyelidikan kuantitatif (ekstensif). Seterusnya bahagian kedua kertas kerja ini, menerangkan bagaimana dua jenis strategi penyelidikan ini menepati objektif intelektual. Akhirnya, sebagai kesimpulan kertas kerja ini membincangkan strategi penyelidikan alternatif iaitu kaedah campuran (mixed methods) yang boleh diaplikasikan dalam penyelidikan sains sosial. Kata kunci: Kualitatif; kuantitatif; epistemologi; ontologi; strategi penyelidikan This paper attempts to discuss how qualitative (intensive) and quantitative (extensive) research strategies differ by contrasting epistemological and ontological aspects and how these beliefs and views fit with their different intellectual goals. Firstly, this paper discusses the importance of understanding philosophy in social science research and its relation to qualitative (intensive) and quantitative (extensive) research strategies. Then it develops by contrasting these two types of research strategies in relation to the principle orientation to the role of theory, epistemological and ontological assumptions. Epistemological assumptions consist of interpretivism for qualitative (intensive) research strategies and positivism for quantitative (extensive) research strategies. Whereas ontological assumptions constitute subjectivism/constructivism for qualitative (intensive) research and objectivism for quantitative (extensive) research strategies. Further it will explain how these two types of research strategies fit the different intellectual goals and finally concludes by discussing an alternative research strategi namely mixed method that may be employed in social science research. Key words: Qualitative; quantitative; epistemology; ontology; research strategies

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Safety training is considered as one of safety intervention that is believed to be an antecedent of safety outcome within organization. The rapid advancement in safety management field has also raised many questions mainly to the roles of safety training in organizations safety. Nevertheless, to date far too little discussions have been made to empirically study the impact of safety training and its influence to safety outcome in the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this longitudinal study is two-fold, first it attempts to examine the level of safety training impacts over time, and secondly it seeks to examine the relationship between safety training and safety outcome (workplace accidents) over time. Quantitative approach using longitudinal design is employed for the purpose of data collection. The results were based on two data collection carried out in one of Malaysian manufacturing plant in 2008 and 2009. The response rate was 83% (N=330) in 2008 and 98% (N=402) in 2009. Overall, the current study has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of safety training impacts particularly with regard to the improvement of safety outcome. However, this study has thrown up a number of questions in need to further investigation.  The need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific training intervention in reducing particular types of injury and its relation to safety culture over time in various industries is prevailing to be crucial.