Calcium phosphate biocomposites are candidate materials for bone tissue engineering due to their conductivity and biocompatibility. Calcium phosphate could be grown on collagen by precipitation method in long reaction time. Microwave irradiation is rapid method to assist precipitation by reducing reaction time. In order to study carbonated calcium phosphate precipitation on collagen and investigate the influence of microwave irradiation time, the carbonated calcium phosphate has been grown on collagen by microwave assisted precipitation method. The collagen sheets were soaked in carbonated calcium phosphate suspension prepared by using Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, (NH4)2HPO4, and NaHCO3 as starting materials, then microwave irradiated at 270 Watt for 2 minutes, 8 minutes, and 16 minutes. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) pattern shows the transformation of dicalcium phosphate dyhydrate to apatite crystal structure. Increase in irradiation time had increased crystallinity of carbonate apatite phase. FTIR spectrum had confirmed presence of collagen, phosphate, and carbonate functional group. Scanning electron micrograph showed the presence of collagen with pore, and the carbonated calcium phosphate could attach and be deposited onto collagen.

This study aims to examine the effect of advertising, product quality and price on buying interest in students of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra, either partially or simultaneously. This study used a quantitative method with data collection using the Likert scale method. The subjects used in this study were 100 students of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra and were taken using purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques through the IBM SPSS statistics 22 program. The results of this study indicate that first, advertising has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention with a significant value of 0.027 <0.05. Second, Product Quality has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. Third, price has a positive and significant effect on buying interest with a significant value of 0.035 <0.05. Advertising, Product Quality and Price simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05.

The formation of composite of collagen and hydroxyapatite (HA) was investigated by ex-situ precipitation method. Synthesis of HA was carried out by precipitation of Ca(OH)2 1 M and (NH4)2.HPO4 0.6 M with the molar ratio of Ca/P 1.67, the mixture was exposed to microwave irradiation (450 W) for 45 min. Subsequently, the result was sintered to produce the powders of HA. Verification of HA powders was performed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Chicken collagen was prepared in our laboratory (Physics Department, Universitas Indonesia). Composite was synthesized by ex-situ precipitation method with a mass fraction of collagen and HA was 2:1. The mixture was stirring continuously for 2 h and aged for 20 h at room temperature. The precipitate was dried by freeze-drying method. The composite result was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD pattern of sintered powder shown as HA crystal. The unit cell of HA crystals was evaluated by High Score Plus Program (a=b=9.425 and c=6.884) with the accuracy 98.175% for a and b lattice and 98.406% for c lattice. The collagen had been verified by SDS PAGE as type 1 collagen and the micrograph illustrated the presence of micropores. Based on SEM examination, the composite revealed that HA had been deposited onto collagen and filled part of void space of collagen. The preliminary study will be beneficial for leading the formation of composites of collagen-HA as biomaterials.

Kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia sangat memprihatinkan karena rendahnya kinerja serta motivasi guru dalam proses pembelajaran. Guru merupakan faktor utama tinggi atau rendahnya kualitas di dalam pendidikan. Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan melakukan cara bagaimana agar kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia menjadi meningkat. Salah satu diantaranya yakni pelaksanaan sertifikasi guru sebagai bentuk untuk mewujudkan guru yang profesional dalam hal meningkatan penjaminan mutu pendidikan. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan menjabarkan tentang dampak sertifikasi guru terhadap kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Artikel ini disusun dengan metode studi literatur yang memanfaatkan 24 sumber yang berhubungan tentang sertifikasi dan kualitas pendidikan. Hasil dan pembahasan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan bahwa: 1) Cara meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan melalui program sertifikasi guru agar guru bisa meningkatkan kinerja dan motivasinya untuk mencerdaskan anak bangsa. 2) Program yang dilakukan pemerintah agar mendapatkan sertifikasi yakni dengan mengikuti program Pendidikan Profesi Guru (PPG). 3) Guru yang dikatakan profesional harus memenuhi syarat-syarat yang sudah ditentukan. 4) Persoalan tentang guru dapat diselesaikan dengan program PPG agar bisa dikatakan sebagai guru profesional 5) Ada dampak negatif dan positif dari penerapan sertifikasi guru yang ditinjau dari pihak pendidik dan peserta didik.

1.Mengapa kekuasaan diperlukan untuk mempengaruhi kebijakan politik. Uraikan bagaimana pendapat Anda.2.Jelaskan menurut pandangan anda tentang perkembangan Dinamika Demokrasi yang ada di Indonesia. 3.Uraikan bagaimana hubungan antara politik dengan pendidikan.4.SIlakan pilih 1 tulisan di google scholar MZA Anis Anis dan Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat Putra (masing-masing 1), kemudian kutip dan korelasikan dengan materi politik disertakan contoh konkrit!5.Sebutkan dan Jelaskan sejarah etika protestan menurut anda dan sertakan sumber.