Effective communication creates a positive working environment and thus increases the job performance of the staff. However, the absence of proper communication between the members of an organisation or a company would result in failure to achieve the agreement while working. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how perceptual factors, verbal, and non-verbal communication can be barriers to effective communication in the workplace. A set of questionnaires is used and distributed to workers of various industries in different companies. It consists of five parts: the demographic profile, verbal communication, non-verbal communication, work environment, and organisational values. A total of ninety-four (94) responses are received and recorded. Findings reveal how perceptual, verbal, and non-verbal factors influence the flow of communication in the workplace. Consequently, the findings of this study can help employers and employees to improve communication at all levels for the betterment of the work performance of all workers.

The use of digital technology is significant in improving children's teaching and learning experiences. For their children to experience the enormous advantages of digital technology, parental involvement is deemed crucial. On that note, this study investigates parents' attitudes towards the advantages and disadvantages of digital technology during the early years. Also, this study examines the relationships between family monthly income and the parents' perceptions towards the use of digital technology. Using a simple random sampling technique, a total of 136 completed survey questionnaires were collected from parents whose children enrolled at formal early childhood education institutions in Malaysia. Descriptive analysis, reliability analysis and a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were performed. The finding reveals that parents showed positive attitudes towards the use of digital technology in early childhood. Additionally, the study indicates that family monthly income did not influence the parents' attitudes towards the advantages and disadvantages of digital technology. Future research is suggested to include the involvement of preschool stakeholders in designing and managing educational materials for preschoolers.

Abstract--The purpose of this study were: (i) to identify dominant factors that drive the involvement of the person with physical disability in the technical and vocational skills employment; (ii) to identify the most dominant internal factor that prevents the involvement of the person with physical disability in the technical and vocational skills employment; (iii) to identify the most dominant external factor that prevents the involvement of the person with physical disability in the technical and vocational skills employment; and (iv) to identify the differences in the perception between genders in the involvement of the person with physical disability in the technical and vocational skills employment. This study was a descriptive survey study using Likert scale questionnaire as the instrument. The samples of the study were physical PWD trainees at the Bangi Industrial Training and Rehabilitation Centre for the disabled, which consists of 67 respondents. The collected data was analysed using Winsteps 3.69.1.11 software with the approach of Rasch Measurement Model. The finding from the analysis showed that the dominant factor that drives the involvement of physical PWD was employment. Work experience was the most dominant internal factor that prevents the involvement of the disabled in employment, while the employer was the most dominant external factor that prevents their involvement. The analysis found an insignificant difference in the perception between genders on their involvement in the technical and vocational skills employment.