Global interdependence is a reality; in the security, economics, politics, socio-culture, and especially in the education of a nation. Relevant to the need for an international dialog on education, this study tries to explore: 1) the concepts of culture-based education and learning of Ki Hadjar Dewantara (KHD) in Tamansiswa, 2) the results of previous studies about the culture-based education and learning of KHD in Tamansiswa, and 3) the phenomena of Tamansiswa stagnancy as the national movement in education. A qualitative approach is used in this study. The researcher collected data from documents, observations, interviews; open ended questions. The data were analyzed to describe the focus of this study and get the conclusions. The result shows that Tamansiswa took role in culture-based education and learning by implementing Among System since the beginning of its history. The previous studies indicate that the KHD ideas are beyond his time and generation; very important for the nation in recent time. The phenomena of stagnancy is more due to management problems rather than the obsoleteness of philosophical foundation of Tamansiswa. It is necessary to socialize the concepts of culture-based education and learning of Ki Hadjar Dewantara (KHD) in Tamansiswa, to recognize the importance of KHD ideas as a contribution to the development of education in Indonesia.

This study aims to describe the causes of children dropping out of school in Sidorahayu Village, Wagir District, Malang Regency. The approach and type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that: the causes of children dropping out of school at the elementary and junior high school levels in Sidorahayu Village, namely the first social conditions of parents consisting of parental education and parental occupation. Second, the economic condition of the parents consists of the income of the parents and the burden of their dependents. Third, child psychology consists of children's interests or motivations, environment, and health. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penyebab anak putus sekolah di Desa Sidorahayu Kecamatan Wagir Kabupaten Malang, kondisi psikologis anak, implikasi teori konstruksi, harapan dan solusi dari anak putus sekolah. Pendekatan dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: penyebab anak putus sekolah pada jenjang pendidikan SD dan SMP di Desa Sidorahayu yaitu pertama kondisi sosial orang tua yang terdiri dari pendidikan orang tua serta pekerjaan orang tua. Kedua, kondisi ekonomi orang tua terdiri dari penghasilan orang tua serta beban tanggungan orang tua. Ketiga, psikologi anak yang terdiri dari minat atau motivasi anak, lingkungan dan juga kesehatan.

Kartini is known as a figure of anxious hero and a high social spirit. In addition to fight for the emancipation of women, Kartini is also concerned with the fate of local wisdom of Jepara is the art of carving. The things that encourage Kartini to notice the fate of the carvers in Jepara is quite surprising. Especially before Kartini could not carve at all. The purpose of this study is to describe the role double of Kartini in developing the art of carving of brackets of Jepara. This study uses historical methods ranging from theme selection, source collection, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. Kartini was born in Jepara, 21 April 1879. As a descendant of Jepara regent, Kartini leads a strict feudal life. After graduating from elementary education, Kartini has a period of serious persecution. Her father, Raden Mas Adipati Ario Sosroningrat, supported Kartini to develop her potential and dreams. One of Kartini's dreams is to develop the artistic potency of Jepara carving. Kartini realize that Jepara carving art is not appreciated properly so that the income of the carver is low. Although it was constrained, Kartini tried to encourage carving artisans in Kampung Belakanggunung to be more productive. Kartini commissioned them to make various furniture among others; cigarettes box, seams and small tables. In 1903, Kartini sparked a new variety of carvings to enrich the art of Jepara carving is a bunch of certain flowers and macan kurung (tiger brackets). The meaning of the art of sculpture carving brackets is the struggle of craftsmen carving against the pressures of life at that time. Kartini also played a major role in marketing the carving of Jepara sculpture to Semarang, Batavia and the Netherlands. Kartini's struggle as an independent woman and creative in responding to the challenges of the times.

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One type of instant economic activity includes being sand miner and sand transporter in the sand mining area. The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of children's productive activities in the sand mine on dropout rates at the junior high school level in Keduwang Village, Blitar Regency. Respondents of the research data amounted to 38 children who carried out productive activities of sand mining. This study used cross-sectional survey research method with a quantitative approach that were supplemented with qualitative data. The collection technique used questionnaire, observation, and interviews. Data analysis techniques used descriptive data analysis techniques with the odds ratio method. The results indicate that the impact of children's productive activities in sand mining on dropout rates at junior high school level with decrease of children’s interest attending school. The results of odd ratio analysis indicate that the riskiest factor causing children to choose school dropout is productive activities in sand mining do not require special skills. The factor of not requiring special skills is proven to be six times the risk of causing children school dropout. The results provide description of how easy economic access and does not require skills has an impact on children's perceptions of going to school or working. Implications for the results of this research are expected to be a reference for government to pay attention to dropout rates that occur due to the productive activities of children in sand mining.