Apart from the severe impact on public health and well-being, the chain effect resulting from the COVID-19 health crisis is a profound disruption for various other sectors, notably in education. COVID-19 has driven massive transformation in many aspects of the educational landscape, particularly as teaching and learning shifted online due to school closure. Despite the many impacts of the health crises on school populations, a systematic review regarding this particular issue has yet to be conducted. This study, therefore, attempts to comprehensively review the impact of health crises on school populations (student, teacher, parent, and school administration). An extensive literature search guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) reporting checklist was performed in two selected databases, namely Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus to identify how this particular topic was previously studied. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were set to ensure that only research papers written in English from the year 2000 to the present (April 2021) were included. From a total of 457 studies screened, only 41 of them were deemed eligible to be included for qualitative synthesis. The findings revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic was the only health crisis discussed when it comes to investigating the impact of health crises on school populations. This study found four notable consequences of health crises on school populations, which are impacts on mental health, teaching and learning, quality of life, and physical health. Among factors associated with the impact of the health crises are; demographic factors, concerns about the pandemic, education-related factors, health-related factors, geographic factors, economic concerns, teaching challenges, and parenting in the pandemic. This study is expected to be a reference for future works in formulating crises mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of health crises on schools by exploring the contexts of the crises.

Well-being is an essential concept in a human’s life as it is an emotional state that significantly influences our lifestyle. This study aims to develop a Malaysian male well-being indicator using the intrapersonal communication perspective. In this study, a self assessment instrument was constructed based on the self-concept theory in order to understand the respondent's well-being. This study applied mixed-methodology. Qualitative approach was used to build the well-being dimension and indicator based on some previous studies, while the quantitative approach was done to determine which construct is considered valid to measure male well-being, and how reliable those constructs are. Data collection phase was run through an online cross-sectional survey by using Survey Monkey platform. A total of 290 respondents consisting of Malaysian men aged 18 years and above participated in this study. The EFA results showed that there were 33 items classified under six well-being main components with having an effective and excellent level of consistency effectiveness, where Cronbach's Alpha for these six components gives a value of more than .70. This study, in overall, found that the well-being indicator was represented by one item on self-assessment that measures well-being dimension. Through the findings obtained, this study is expected to open a wider space for the upcoming studies on male well-being in Malaysia. However, it is suggested that this study needs to be continued with confirmatory factor analysis to validate this well-being indicator as a valid instrument to measure male well-being in Malaysia. Keywords: Well-being, subjective well-being, intrapersonal communication, self-concept theory, self assessment.

Introduction: This study explored exposure to misinformation, COVID-19 risk perception, and confidence towards the government as predictors of negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out from 30 June to 30 August 2021 involving 775 respondents. The survey instrument for the questionnaire was an adaptation from various different studies consisting of five main variables: (1) misinformation about vaccination; (2) risk perception toward COVID-19; (3) attitudes toward the vaccination programme; (4) intention to get vaccinated; and (5) public confidence in the government in executing the vaccination programme. Results: The results of this study indicate that higher exposure to misinformation led to higher levels of negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. When the perceived risk of COVID-19 infection was high, mistrust of vaccine benefits was low but there were also higher worries about the future effects of the vaccine. Confidence in the government was associated with lower negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: The results of this study may help develop an understanding of negative attitudes toward vaccinations in Malaysia and its contributing factors.

This study was conducted using the 24 h cultured nauplii of brine shrimp (Artemia salina) as toxicity testing organism exposed to five selected trace elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Fe). The objective was to determine the suitability of A. salina for heavy metals acute toxicity test. The tests were performed after 24 h A. salina cysts hatched. The screening tests and definitive tests were conducted in static non-renewal testing solution. Nauplii of A. salina were exposed to different concentration of single-metal solutions and landfill leachates. Mortality of nauplii was used as the end point of the toxicity test. The predicted median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) for each metal was determined by probit analysis. The LC 50 values for single-metal exposure were approximately 0.28 ppm Cu, 2.47 ppm Cd, 2.72 ppm Zn and 10.23 ppm Ni, respectively. The order of the toxicity level of selected metals to A. salina is Cu [ Cd [ Zn [ Ni. However, the LC 50 values for landfill leachates exposure were approximately 0.08 ppm Cu, 0.01 ppm Cd, 0.11 ppm Zn and 0.10 ppm Ni, respectively. The order of the toxicity level of selected metals to A. salina is Cd [ Cu [ Ni [ Zn. Lower LC 50 values for all metals of landfill leachates proposed there could other factors that potentially induced the decreasing of tolerance level of A. salina nauplii towards these pollutants. Thus, this study proposes nauplii of A. salina as a sensitive bioindicator for heavy metals contamination.

Introduction: This study explores exposure to misinformation, COVID-19 risk perception, and confidence towards the government as predictors to negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out from 30 June to 30 August 2021 involving 775 respondents. The survey instrument for the questionnaire is an adaptation from various different studies consisting of five main variables: 1) misinformation about vaccination; 2) risk perception toward COVID-19; 3) attitudes toward the vaccination programme; 4) intention to get vaccinated; and 5) public confidence in the government in executing the vaccination programme. Results: The results of this study indicate that higher exposure to misinformation led to higher levels of negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. When the perceived risk of COVID-19 infection was high, mistrust of vaccine benefits was low but there were also higher worries about the future effects of the vaccine. Confidence in government was associated with lower negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: The results of this study may help develop an understanding of negative attitudes toward vaccinations in Malaysia and its contributing factors.