Obtaining high-quality RNA is very important at an early stage of molecular biology research. To isolate RNA, high skill and caution are required in following laboratory procedures because RNA is easily degraded, especially samples from plant tissue culture. One of the parameters used to check the total RNA quality is RIN (RNA Integrity Number). The aim of this study was to obtain RNA extraction methods on oil palm leaves, callus and somatic embryos that were of good quality and high concentrations for transcriptomic analysis. RNA extraction was carried out using Plant RNA PureLink (Ambion), Genezol RNA Extraction (Geneaid) and RibospinTM Plant (Geneall) kit methods. The results showed that oil palm leaf, callus and somatic embryo RNA were successfully extracted using the RibospinTM (Geneall) kit. Based on the total RNA number of more than 4 μg and the RIN value of more than 7, the extracted RNA could be used in RNA sequencing for transcriptomic analysis. ABSTRAKMenghasilkan RNA berkualitas tinggi sangatlah penting pada tahap awal penelitian biologi molekuler. Untuk mengisolasi RNA diperlukan keterampilan dan kehati-hatian tinggi dalam mengikuti prosedur di laboratorium karena RNA lebih mudah terdegradasi, khususnya sampel hasil kultur jaringan tanaman. Salah satu parameter yang digunakan pada pengecekan kualitas RNA total adalah RIN (RNA Integrity Number). Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan metode ekstraksi RNA pada daun, kalus dan embrio somatik kelapa sawit yang berkualitas baik dan memiliki konsentrasi tinggi untuk analisa transkriptomika. Ekstraksi RNA dilakukan menggunakan metode kit Plant RNA PureLink (Ambion), Genezol RNA Extraction (Geneaid) dan Ribospin TM Plant (Geneall). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa RNA daun, kalus dan embrio somatik kelapa sawit telah berhasil diekstraksi dengan menggunakan kit Ribospin TM (Geneall). RNA hasil ekstraksi tersebut dapat digunakan untuk sekuensing RNA dengan tujuan analisis transkriptomika, dilihat dari jumlah total RNA yang lebih dari 4 μg dan nilai RIN lebih dari 7.Kata Kunci: analisis RNA, embrio somatic, kalus, kelapa sawit, kualitas RNA a

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Based on the results of the average daily test, the material in PAI lessons has not met the KKM. In addition, teachers at these schools tend to use conventional models in PAI learning and rarely relate the material taught to students' real lives or phenomena that occur, so students do not understand what the teacher is saying and become passive in learning activities.The monotonous learning process often makes students bored to follow it. So far, what is widely known in the learning process has not made students happy in learning because they still use less varied methods, namely the lecture method, question and answer and assignments. The main problems in this research are as follows: (1) How is the application of the REACT learning strategy in PAI. and (2) How is the improvement of student learning outcomes through the application of REACT learning strategies  in PAIBP. In this study using the type of classroom action research. The object of this research is SMP Negeri 1 Kendit. In this study used various kinds of data collection, namely observation, interview and documentation. Based on the results of the discussion and findings, it can be concluded as follows: 1) The application of the REACT learning strategy PAI, that all components are implemented in accordance with the steps with the aim of being effective in learning, and 2) There is an increase in student learning outcomes from pre-cycle reaching 55%, increasing 14% in the first cycle to 69% then implementing the second cycle, increasing 21% so that it reaches 90% through the implementation of learning strategies REACT PAIBP.

Program 1000 desa sapi adalah upaya peningkatan populasi dan produktifitas ternak sapi dalam rangka swasembada daging untuk mencapai ketahanan pangan nasional. Salah satu desa yang menjadi pilot projek dari program ini adalah Desa Teruwai, Kecamatan Pujut, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dengan nama kelompok “Tunas Karya II”. Kondisi yang ada pada kelompok tersebut adalah masih menerapkan sistem peternakan tradisional, dimana ternak sapi dipelihara dan diberi makan dengan pakan yang tidak berpedoman pada kecukupan kualitas nutrisi, sehingga menyebabkan rendahnya produktifitas sapi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dilakukan pembinaan manajemen pakan dengan memberikan pelatihan penanaman pakan ternak berkualitas, pelatihan perawatan ternak, pelatihan pengolahan limbah ternak, serta pelatihan manajemen pengadaan pakan yang cukup dan berkualitas.. Hasil yang di dapat dengan adanya pelatihan-pelatihan yang dilakukan adalah: para peternak sudah mulai menggunakan sistem beternak yang lebih baik, memperbaiki kualitas pakan yang digunakan, mulai melakukan pengolahan limbah ternak sapi menjadi kompos dan biourine, serta dapat menerapkan manajemen pengadaan pakan yang optimal.

Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, which is well-known as Java turmeric, has been extensively used in pharmaceutical industries in Indonesia. In spite of this commercial value, the identity of this species is commonly mistaken from other similar orange rhizomes Curcuma. Correct identity of these species is vital in pharmaceutical industries. The objective of the study was to determine genetic diversity of 32 accession Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Genomic DNA was extracted from leaf using Sodium Dodesyl Sulphate (SDS) modification. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was carried out according to the protocol ofAFLPTM plant mapping kit and the final polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were separated using The Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. The number of fragment produced by 12 pairs primer combination of AFLP ranged from 42 to 60 with an average of 52. Data obtained was analyzed by the NTSys program. From the AFLP amplification on 32 DNA samples, it was proven that the accession of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. had a high degree of diversity. Based on analysis of AFLP and unweighted pair group with arithme average (UPGMA) it was shown that the accession of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. could be grouped into two cluster at relative ecludian distance of 0.10 (10%). Cluster I for accession from Palembang, Pacitan and Ciamis 2. Cluster II for accession from Makale, Pontianak, Kulonprogo, Mataram, Boyolali, Salatiga, Sumberejo, Bali, P. Seram,  Sentolo, Purworejo, Samas Bantul, Ciamis1, Blora, Semarang, Poso, Kalsesl, Tagari, Merapi Farm, Salakaria, NTB, Menoreh, Karang Anyar, Mangunan, Medan, Toraja, dan Solok.