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The microgrid communication network with proper connectivity among microgrid resources is play important role to maintain a stability and reliability of the microgrid. Application of suitable communication network and protocol and highlighted the best security measurement is one of the elements to achieve those broad objectives.  The communication network and protocol that has been implemented in existing microgrid has different types and objective which is depend on specific application.  To secure the communication network and protocol, many security approaches is proposed.  In this paper, a review of microgrid communication and its security is shown and future direction of communication network and protocol with its security also provided.

Jawi Manuscripts handwritten which are kept at Malaysia National Library (MNL), has aged over decades. Regardless of the intensive sustainable process conducted by MNL, these manuscripts are still not maintained in good quality, and neither can easily be read nor better view. Even thought, many states of the art methods have developed for image enhancement, none of them can solve extremely bad quality manuscripts. The quality of old Malay Manuscripts can be categorize into three types, namely: the background image is uneven, image effects and image effects expand patch. The aim of this paper is to discuss the methods used to value add the quality of the manuscript. Our propose methods consist of several main methods, such as: Local Adaptive Equalization, Image Intensity Values, Automatic Threshold PP, and Adaptive Threshold Filtering. This paper is intend to achieve a better view image that geared to ease reading. Error Bit Phase achievement (TKB) has a smaller error value for proposed method (Adaptive Threshold Filtering Process / PAM) namely 0.0316 compared with Otsu's Threshold Method / MNAO, Binary Threshold Value Method / MNAP, and Automatic Local Threshold Value Method / MNATA. The precision achievement (namely on ink bleed images) is using a proposed method more than 95% is compared with the state of the art methods MNAO, MNAP, MNATA and their performances are 75.82%, 90.68%, and 91.2% subsequently. However, this paper's achievement is using a proposed method / PAM, MNAO, MNAP, and MNATA for correspondingly the image of ink bleed case are 45.74%, 54.80%, 53.23% and 46.02%. Conclusion, the proposed method produces a better character shape in comparison to other methods.

Quite often old documents are subject to background damage. Examples of background damages are varying contrast, smudges, dirty background, ink through page, outdated paper and uneven background. The old Malay manuscripts which are a few hundred years of age, for example, are not legible even after preservation process by the library. Image processing offers a selection of approaches to counter these quality degradations and make the manuscripts readable. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the methods for enhancing old document images with damaged background. Three types of enhancement methods have been identified which are (a) image enhancement using binarization/ thresholding method, (b) image enhancement using a hybrid of binarization/thresholding and other methods, and (c) image enhancement using non-threshold based methods. Finally we found that the second method is becoming more popular and has a great potential for improvement in future.

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