The amniotic membrane is the innermost layer of fetal membrane and is attached to the chorion in the placenta. This membrane has been used for nearly a century in varied fields such as ophthalmology, reconstructive surgery, and burn treatment. In this case report, we used a human amniotic membrane to repair an iatrogenic oroantral communication that occurred during the extraction of the patient's right upper second molar. A splint was given after the perforation was covered with human amniotic membrane and healing was clinically evaluated at various intervals. The outcome of the study revealed that the human amniotic membrane was an efficient graft material for repairing the defect caused by an iatrogenic oroantral communication following tooth extraction.

Background: Eradication of malignant tumors at the primary site with oncological safe margin is a critical requirement for obtaining better survival rate and less recurrence. Touch imprint cytology (TIC) has proven itself as a quick, simple, inexpensive, highly accurate and reliable intraoperative technique to assess surgical margins in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity. However, it is still unclear how the mode of excision, i.e. by scalpel (SC) and electrocautery (EC), or the method of staining, i.e. Papanicolaou (PAP) and cytohaem, affect the diagnostic accuracy of TIC. Objective: To study the influence of confounding factors like mode of excision (EC/SC) and staining (PAP/cytohaem) on the diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative TIC technique for assessing surgical margins in oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to paraffin-embedded HE-stained sections. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients underwent surgical treatment for primary oral squamous cell carcinoma. Three hundred and forty-eight touch imprint slides were prepared from 174 margins of 30 resected tumor specimens. Two adjacent tissues from the margin to be evaluated were imprinted to observe differences between surfaces excised by EC and SC. The set of imprint from each margin tissue was stained with PAP and cytohaem. The TIC results of 180 EC-excised margins and 168 SC-excised margins were compared. Results of 174 imprints stained with RAPID-PAP were compared to their counterpart comprising of 174 cytohaem-stained imprints. The slides were diagnosed as positive, negative or suspicious for tumor. Finally, TIC results were checked against their respective histopathological sections. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the results of imprints from EC/SC-excised margins (Z = 0.44, p = 0.70) or the imprints stained with PAP/cytohaem (Z = 0.44, p = 0.70). Conclusion: Confounding factors like mode of excision and staining procedure do not significantly influence the results of imprint cytology.

Anatomic reduction of the Orbito-Zygomatico-Maxillary complex is necessary to reestablish facial symmetry, position of the globe and to

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is implicated in the etiology of numerous serious health problems. The aim of this study is to screen suspected cases of OSA, create awareness amongst patients at risk and propose a cost effective and easy screening protocol for OSA. An observational study which included screening of patients posted for surgery, at department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery using detailed history and clinical examination, STOP BANG questionnaire, lateral cephalogram and overnight pulse oximetry in a step wise manner. The data obtained was analysed to determine the relationship of each test parameter to the final risk scoring and overnight Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI). In this study, over a period of one year, out of 124 cases, 40 cases (32.3%) were categorized as intermediate or high-risk cases for presence OSA, according to the STOP-BANG questionnaire. 11 cases (26.2%) were screened as high-risk based on ODI value. There was a strong correlation between risk factors such as snoring, obesity, male gender, excessive daytime sleepiness, hypertension and OSA. We can categorize the patients as low, intermediate and high-risk cases and accordingly advise them for further polysomnography studies, lifestyle modifications or oral appliances and take the necessary peri-operative precautions for intermediate or high-risk cases where surgery is mandatory.