Vesicular drug delivery system like phytosomes is a widely adopted section of pharmaceutical inventions. It improves therapeu tic efficacies of drug by controlled and sustained action. It is also used to improve the therapeutic index, solubility, stability and rapid degradation of drug molecules. Phytosome is made of phytoconstituents of herbal extract that is surrounded and bounded by one or more concentric spheres of lipid layers. The purpose of this study is to synthesize an economical phytosome which will also be an effective alternative to the current medications of cancer. Methanolic extract of Allium sativum containing Diallyl disulphide along with other phenolic compounds were used for the preparation of phytosome as it has the ability to cure and prevent the growth and division of cancer cells. Bioactive compounds were examined by phytochemical analysis. Antioxidant activity of the extract was carried out by DPPH assay that showed that the extract was rich in antioxidants. Presence of Diallyl disulfide having the anti-cancer activity was confirmed by HPLC and GC-MS analysis. The surface morphology and the functional groups of the prepared phytosomal complex were studied by SEM and FTIR analysis respectively. The prepared phytosome showed 100% toxicity against the cancer cell line (MCF 7) at 108.5 μg/ml. Hence, we claim that the Diallyl disulphide containing methanolic Allium sativum encapsulated in phytosome can be an effective alternate for the cancer therapies and this work can also be extrapolated to active targeting of tumour site by attaching the targeting moiety on the surface of the phytosome.

Abstract:The overactive Ras signaling can ultimately lead to cancer. The 3 Ras genes in humans (HRas, KRas, and NRas)

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The Textile industry in India is the only industry that has generated huge employment for both skilled and unskilled labour. Among the 10,000 dyes used in the textile industries, about 10% are discharged into the wastes . Two-third of the dye industry is dominated by textile industry and discharge large volume of chemical dyes into the environment. The immobilization of microorganisms on preferred adsorbents instigates protects cells from unfavourable agents, microbial metabolism, and preserves their physiological activity. It provides a direct contact between nutrients and the immobilized cells. Cell immobilization technique encompasses the transportation of the cells from the bulk phase to the surface of support, followed by the adhesion of cells and successive colonization of the support surface. The cell-support adhesion is governed by both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, which is the key step in controlling the cell immobilization on the support. A Bacillus bacterial strain isolated from the sludge collected from the textile dye effluent at Tirupur, Tamil Nadu. It is characterized and found to decolourize the textile dye colour from water body. The bacterial cells were mass cultivated and harvested by centrifugation. These cells were immobilized by different methods such as sodium alginate, polyacrylamide, carrageenan, agar. The immobilized bacterial cells were characterized using optical microscopy. They are uniformly embedded in the gel matrix and were compared for their decolourization potential of synthetic dye.