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Owing to a growing reliance on information, technology and connectivity, Cyberspace has become the lifeline and interactive place for modern life. As such, Cyber security challenges are a global phenomenon whose adverse implications are catastrophic. Cyberspace is complex and unpredictable; its global connectedness and an explosion of data increases the threat surface as cyber infrastructures become highly complex and dynamic. Managing, i.e. ensuring and assuring security in cyberspace requires inspiration from advanced complex systems. Through evolution, nature has developed natural propensities in complex systems (including animalia and plants) that enable survival through adaptation. Predation-avoidance and anti-predation techniques employed by non-extinct preys could be exploited/adopted as mechanisms for adaptation through their application in Cyber security. This chapter presents an overall review of the current state of the Cyber security landscape. In addition, it demonstrates through further review, significant trends towards bio-inspired approaches as unconventional solutions to problems in other fields. Drawing from survivable preys in nature, the chapter speculates solutions for Cyberspace and Cyber security as follows; given an old problem (Pold) with an old solutions (Sold), a new problem (Pnew) Computer and Cyber Security: Principles, Algorithm, Applications and Perspectives can be conceptualized with new partial and perhaps null solutions (Snew) in the solutions space Sold to Snew.

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Testing is a vital component of the system development life cycle. As information systems infrastructure move from native computing to cloud-based and virtualized platforms, it becomes necessary to evaluate their effectiveness to ensure completion of organizational goals. However, the complexity and scale of virtualized environments make this process difficult. Additionally, inherited and novel issues further complicate this process, while relatively high costs can be constraining. Enabling service-driven environments to provide this evaluation is therefore beneficial for both providers and users. No such complete service offering currently exists. This paper is therefore aimed to benefit industry and academia involved in areas involved with cloud-based testing of virtualized software and its environments. A review of current literature highlights a number of challenges in the domain. An analysis of the challenges aided in deriving requirements for developing a servitization framework for virtual infrastructure testing as a service. It is anticipated that this framework can further feedback into developing solutions to the aforementioned challenges. An evaluation of a real-world organization's servitization requirements case scenario indicates that the proposed framework provides potential solutions for associated use cases.

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