Scarring of skin from surgery and injury places a significant burden on the healthcare system and on individual patients. It was estimated that 100 million patients acquire scars from surgery annually in the developed world. 1 Patients with visible scars, particularly on face, can suffer from long-term psychological harm or physical dysfunction. 2,3 Although the mechanisms of wound healing and scar formation are well described, 4 effective anti-scar treatments are still in need.

Rotenone, a toxic rotenoid compound, has anti‐tumour effects on several cancers. This study aims to clarify the effect of rotenone on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of colon cancer cells and tumourigenesis in nude mice. The present results show that rotenone significantly inhibited the proliferation, promoted the apoptosis, and suppressed the invasion and migration of colon cancer cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Rotenone inhibited PI3K/AKT pathway in LoVo and SW480 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, rotenone regulated the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration and EMT of LoVo and SW480 cells through PI3K/AKT pathway. In colon cancer xenograft mice, rotenone inhibited tumour volume and weight in nude mice, inhibited PI3K/AKT pathway and EMT in vivo. Therefore, rotenone inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration, promoted the apoptosis of colon cancer cells through PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro, and suppressed the tumourigenesis in nude mice in vivo .

Background:Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) often suffer from progressive disease despite previous therapy. It has been a great challenge for those patients. In 2012, regorafenib was approved for mCRC. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to collect and present existing data to explorethe clinical use of regorafenib.Methods:The online electronic databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library, updated to November 2017 were systematically searched. Trials on the effectiveness of regorafenib in patients who suffer from treatment-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer were included, of which the main outcomes included 3 parameters: overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grade 3/4 AE.Results:Totally, 4 trials were included in this meta-analysis. The OD was significantly better with the use of regorafenib (OR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.65–0.94, I2 = 69%, P = .008), and PFS (OR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.34–0.79, I2 = 97%, P = .002). However, the most common toxicities occurred more frequently in the regorafenib group than the control group (OR = 3.73, 95%CI = 1.68–8.28, I2 = 79%, P = .001).Conclusion:Regorafenib demonstrates better efficacy and has manageable adverse-event profile for treatment-refractory mCRC. Considering the safety feature of regorafenib, further studies and clinical trials are warranted to investigate the dosing of regorafenib and alternative approaches are needed to explore predictive biomarker fortherapy selection.

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