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Organelle and nucleus dual-targeted anticancer drugs are being increasingly used for efficient cancer therapy as they can attack the double vital sites of tumor cells. In this work, we synthesized and characterized two new porphyrin compounds Pt-Por-RB and Me-Por-RB. The spectral titration results suggest that both Pt-Por-RB and Me-Por-RB bind to DNA efficiently in an intercalation binding mode. Upon irradiation, Pt-Por-RB with low dark-cytotoxicity can rapidly generate singlet oxygen to damage the tumor cells through the process of photodynamic therapy. Compared with Me-Por-RB, Pt-Por-RB was not only internalized in the organelles, but also in the nuclei of HeLa cells, probably due to the presence of platinum complexes, as analyzed using the confocal laser scanning microscope. Thus, with the combination of organelle and nucleus dual-targeting property and high efficiency of singlet oxygen generation, Pt-Por-RB showed a significant therapeutic activity against tumor cells.

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Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death that is different from apoptosis, cell necrosis, and autophagy, which might be involved in development of sepsis. However, the potential role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in sepsis remained unclear. We identified 41 ferroptosis-related differential expression genes by weighted correlation network and differential expression analysis. The hub module of 41 ferroptosis-related differential expression genes in the protein-protein interaction network was identified. Next, we estimated diagnostic values of genes in hub modules. TLR4, WIPI1, and GABARAPL2 with high diagnostic value were selected for construction of risk prognostic model. The high risk-scored patients had significantly higher mortality than the patients with low risk scores in discovery dataset. Furthermore, the risk scores of nonsurvivor were higher than those of survivor in validation dataset. It suggested that risk score was significantly correlated to prognosis in sepsis. Then, we constructed a nomogram for improving the clinical applicability of risk signature. Moreover, the risk score was significantly associated with immune infiltration in sepsis. Our comprehensive analysis of FRGs in sepsis demonstrated the potential roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and immune infiltration. This work may benefit in understanding FRGs in sepsis and pave a new path for diagnosis and assessment of prognosis.