Lumbosacral conditions are common disorders involving the soft tissues and bones of the low back. They may be due to underlying pathologies such as slipped disc, low back pain, TB spine, paraplegia, spinal tumour, degenerative disc disease, lumbosacral spondylosis, cord compression syndrome, traumatic spinal cord injury, caudaequina or fractures of any part of the vertebrae below T12 down to the gluteal fold. Degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease and exit nerve root compression are common findings in the MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions. The MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions seen between 2016 and 2017 were evaluated for the study. The features assessed were degenerative disc diseases, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression, spinal cord contusion/injury, Pott's disease and lumbar spondylolisthesis. myelitis, lumbar spondylosis with degenerative disc disease, as well as lumbar fracture were also assessed. A total of 233 patients with lumbosacral pathologies were included in this study. There were 132 (56.7%) males and 101 (43.3%) females. Of all the patients with radiculopathies, patients with low back pain as the major indication constituted 23.2%, followed by those with lumbosacral spondylosis (19.3%), paraplegia (15.5%) and slipped disc (13.7%), while patients with caudaequina and spinal tumour represented 2.6% and 1.7% respectively. Degenerative disc disease was the most common finding representing 38.2% patients, followed by lumbar spondylosis (14.6%) and degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression (14.2%). Lumbar fracture was the least common finding in 1.3% of patients with lumbosacral conditions. MRI can be used to identify pathologies of lumbosacral tissues in a non-invasive manner. There was a high prevalence of radiculopathies in the lumbosacral spine of patients.

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Objectives: Mammography has remained the gold standard globally for breast cancer screening. Patients with breast lesions in our environment are generally anxious due to the fact that breast cancer is associated with high mortality. This study aims to review the pattern of breast lesions in our environment.Method: This is a Retrospective study of Mammographic reports of women who had mammogram for screening and diagnostic purposes between March 2017 and November 2019.Results: The commonest indication for mammography in the study was breast lump (38.6%). BIRADS II was the most prevalent category constituting 40.3% followed by BIRADS I accounting for 27.3% .Patients with Positive BIRADS (IV and V) for malignancy account for 19.1% while Negative BIRADS (I, II and III) accounted for 79.6%.Conclusion: Majority of the breast lesions were benign and breast lump was the most prevalent complaint.

The incidence of cancer is increasing globally with a greater burden expected to be borne by poor and middle income countries by 2030 where the will and resources to tackle the situation are absent 1 .In a report published by Jedy-Agba E et al in 2012 from population-based cancer registries in the Southwest and North central region of Nigeria shows that the most common male and female cancers in Nigeria are cancer of the prostate and cancer of the breast respectively 2. The peak incidence of breast cancer in Nigerian women is about a decade earlier than in Caucasians with about 57% of breast cancer cases in Nigeria occurring in women under 50 years of age 3 .In Nigeria and most sub-Saharan African countries, breast cancer patients generally tend to present at a younger age when compared to Caucasians and most of the presentations are in the late stages of the disease when the prognosis is really poor 4,5. The lower proportion of mortality recorded in the developed nations is a result of better awareness of the disease, more organized screening programs for early detection and availability of an effective treatment. Studies in Nigeria show a high level of breast cancer awareness as a fatal disease that needs early detection for a better outcome. However, the high level of awareness does not translate to a higher rate of screening practice 6,7. Globally, it is an agreed fact that early detection of breast cancer improves the survival rate, hence screening of otherwise healthy patients is advocated especially those with a family history of breast cancer 8,9. Screening programs exist in most western nations were early breast cancer detection screening techniques like Breast Self-Examination (BSE), Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) and mammogram are being advocated. Although, in some countries, it has become a point of criticism in recent years owing to the facts that it has led to an increase in healthcare cost and detection of otherwise clinically insignificant breast lesions. The American Cancer Society (ACS)

Lumbosacral conditions are common disorders involving the soft tissues and bones of the low back. They may be due to underlying pathologies such as slipped disc, low back pain, TB spine, paraplegia, spinal tumour, degenerative disc disease, lumbosacral spondylosis, cord compression syndrome, traumatic spinal cord injury, caudaequina or fractures of any part of the vertebrae below T12 down to the gluteal fold. Degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease and exit nerve root compression are common findings in the MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions. The MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions seen between 2016 and 2017 were evaluated for the study. The features assessed were degenerative disc diseases, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression, spinal cord contusion/injury, Pott's disease and lumbar spondylolisthesis. myelitis, lumbar spondylosis with degenerative disc disease, as well as lumbar fracture were also assessed. A total of 233 patients with lumbosacral pathologies were included in this study. There were 132 (56.7%) males and 101 (43.3%) females. Of all the patients with radiculopathies, patients with low back pain as the major indication constituted 23.2%, followed by those with lumbosacral spondylosis (19.3%), paraplegia (15.5%) and slipped disc (13.7%), while patients with caudaequina and spinal tumour represented 2.6% and 1.7% respectively. Degenerative disc disease was the most common finding representing 38.2% patients, followed by lumbar spondylosis (14.6%) and degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression (14.2%). Lumbar fracture was the least common finding in 1.3% of patients with lumbosacral conditions. MRI can be used to identify pathologies of lumbosacral tissues in a non-invasive manner. There was a high prevalence of radiculopathies in the lumbosacral spine of patients.