Myofibromatosis (MFS) was recognized as a distinct form of childhood fibromatosis. Infantile myofibromatosis (IMF) is now identified as a solitary or multicentric tumor that predominantly occurs in neonates and infants. The adult counterpart of IMF, though of rare occurrence, is identified and is known as MFS. Morphological diagnosis of MFS is made by histopathological examination of the biopsy or surgically excised mass and confirmed on the basis of specific immunoprofile. We report a case of multicentric MFS occurring in an adolescent in whom diagnosis was suggested on the basis of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) that avoided surgical excision of multiple nodules. The diagnosis was later confirmed on histopathological study and contributory immunohistochemical markers. Details of the clinical features and cytological diagnosis of the case are provided to diminish the paucity of available literature on FNAC diagnosis of the rare disease.

Lymphatic filariasis caused by the mosquitoborne, lymphatic-dwelling nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi is still a common tropical parasitic disease and 120 million people are affected in the world, of which two-third are in Asia. They cause high morbidity and mortality among humans. Irreversible “elephantiasis” is the major clinical manifestation for LF. Detection of microfilaria in peripheral blood is important. In addition to simple thick and thin blood smear tests, concentration techniques are used: mainly density gradient centrifugation, haemolysis and filtration of the blood through a polycarbonate membrane, which retains the parasite. Diagnosis has been revolutionized with the availability of circulating filarial antigen (CFA) tests which are easy to perform but are costly. Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is the drug of choice for treating lymphatic filariasis. In the light of this information, hereby presenting a case series of 4 asymptomatic patients who were diagnosed with filariasis on peripheral blood smear examination. The article emphasizes the importance of low power scanning of every peripheral blood smear, especially when the laboratory is not facilitated with costly methods to detect microfilaria.

Scar endometriosis is a rare entity commonly observed after obstetrical and gynaecological procedures. The diagnosis is often delayed due to the non-specific nature of symptoms. Detailed clinical history of cyclical pain, location in proximity to a surgical scar and a suspicion of this rare entity in women of childbearing age are key to preoperative diagnosis. This is a case of a patient who presented with a troublesome scar after Caesarean section. On Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) a diagnosis of scar endometriosis was provided which was further confirmed on histopathology. Herein we discuss the cytomorphological features of this rare entity and also emphasize the importance of its diagnosis on FNAC which is a rapid and cost-effective method.

Primary renal squamous cell carcinoma is a very rare entity. Only few cases are reported in the world literature. Most of the patients present at a late stage resulting in poor prognosis. We report a 44 year old female who presented with a history of lump in right flank accompanied with a dull intermittent pain for 2 months duration which intensified in the last 15 days. Antecedent risk factors like renal calculi, analgesic use were absent. Computed Tomography (CT) examination revealed a mass arising from the superior pole of kidney with extension to the posterior segment of liver. Histopathology following nephrectomy showed histological features of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.