Objective: The present study revolved around the nutritional evaluation of Chlorella emersonii KJ725233, a novel non-fastidious Chlorella strain that was isolated from the Western regions of Maharashtra, India, for a probable use as a food supplement.Methods: The nutritional composition of C. emersonii KJ725233 was evaluated in terms of total protein, total lipids, and total carbohydrates content along with its mineral composition. Furthermore, the effect of different solvents on the extraction of the bioactives and hence the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of C. emersonii KJ725233 was also analyzed. The bioactives extracted in the organic solvents were further identified by gas chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS).Results: As reported in the literature for commercial Chlorella powder, C. emersonii KJ725233 was found to contain an equivalent concentration of protein, three-fold lipid content, i.e. 36.48±0.52% and 43.58±0.72%, respectively; along with 17.17±0.91% carbohydrates and 6.62±0.16% mineral content. Methanolic content was not only found to contain the highest antioxidant, radical scavenging potential as well as total phenolic content but also exhibited a strong antimicrobial potential against the tested Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacterial and fungal strains. Moreover, sterols, hydrocarbons, and fatty acid methyl esters known antimicrobials and antioxidants were identified when the organic extracts of the microalgae dried biomass were subjected to GC-HRMS analysis.Conclusion: With a well-balanced nutritional composition together with the reservoir of antioxidants and antimicrobials, this native novel isolate of Chlorella thus emerges as a potential food supplement whose consumption would not only enhance the dietary value along with providing antiaging benefits.

Background: Microalgae due to an array of its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory bioactives have been changing the cosmeceutical market. One such bioactive power pack is Chlorella emersonii KJ725233, a novel, non-fastidious freshwater microalga with an inherently higher antioxidant potential. Objective: The present study evaluates its potential use as a cosmeceutical ingredient with arrays of biochemical assays, toxicity studies and GC-HRMS profiling. Materials and Methods: In vitro proteinase inhibition activity of the methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 was evaluated using SAAANA, sodium hyaluronate and bovine collagen as substrates respectively. The radical scavenging potential was determined by DPPH assay and was correlated to the total flavonoid content evaluated by aluminium trichloride method. The bioactive composition was evaluated by GC -HRMS analysis. Eye irritation potential and sulforhodamine B assay were carried out using 3T3 fibroblasts cells to ascertain its non-toxic nature. Results: The methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 exhibited a potent elastase inhibition of 92.04±2.27% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. This was qualitatively established by the presence of phytol, its isomer and other anti-inflammatory molecules as revealed by GC HRMS profile. Its radical scavenging potential with an IC 50 of 5.398±0.138 mg/mL exhibited a correlation coefficient of 0.9977 with its total flavonoid content. Toxicological studies on 3T3 fibroblast cell lines revealed its non -toxic as well as non -eye irritant nature. Conclusion: Its potential anti-aging and antioxidant activity coupled with its non-toxicity thus puts this microalga in the spot light for use in cosmeceutical industry.

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Objective : Gamma radiation induces free radicals with a corresponding alteration in the cell’s antioxidant defense system. The present study thus aimed at determining the role of gamma irradiation in improving the cosmeceutical potential of CEK in terms of antioxidants.  Methods : C.emersonii KJ725233 was subjected to low (100 Gy) and high (1000 Gy) gamma irradiation doses and its effect on the chlorophyll content was evaluated. The quantitative alterations in the antioxidant content of CEK were evaluated by phosphomolybdenum assay (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), 2, 2 - Dipheny-1-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH), total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Also, the corresponding qualitative alterations in the bioactives of CEK were determined by GC-HRMS analysis.   Results : A 179.57±2.55% increase in the total chlorophyll content alongwith a 71.76±2.96%, 32.08±2.16%, 11.67±0.89%, 42.85±8.0% and 31.37±3.18% increase was observed in the TAC, FRAP, DPPH radical scavenging, TPC and TFC was observed in CEK irradiated at 1000 Gy. GC-HRMS analysis revealed the induction of Vitamin E on irradiation at both the doses with a corresponding decrease in the phytol content whereas 100 Gy stimulated the induction of phytosterols. Conclusion : The potent intrinsic antioxidant activity of cosmeceutically significant CEK can be elevated with the induction of the most sought after antioxidant in cosmetology – Vitamin E on irradiation.