Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common problems presenting to the gynecologist. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding is a term which refers to menstrual bleeding of abnormal frequency, duration or quantity. Method: This retrospective study of was carried out in perimenopausal women with complain of abnormal uterine bleeding in the age group ranging from 40-50 years for a period of one year. The age, parity, menstrual complaints were noted and clinical diagnosis along with ultrasound report and histopathological reports of endometrial tissue were analyzed. Also the histopathological report of the hysterectomy specimen was analysed. Results: Among 126 total women in the study 65% were between 40-45 years of age. Majority (73%) were multipara. Menorrhagia was the most common presenting symptom. Leiomyoma was the commonest cause (52.3%) followed by DUB (41.2%). Proliferative endometrium was the most common histopathological finding present in 52.3% of cases. Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding predominantly affects women of perimenopausal age group. Although benign lesions are commonest cause of AUB in this age but thorough evaluation is required as it could be the only clinical manifestation of endometrial carcinoma.

Background: Labour pain has been described as most severe pain experienced by a female. Labour analgesia is widely practiced in developed countries. Many labour analgesic methods have been introduced to make delivery a pleasurable moment in a women’s life.Methods: This prospective study was performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India after getting permission from institute ethical committee. 100 pregnant females attending the antenatal clinic were interviewed in their mother language. Information was collected on a questionnaire after an informed consent. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, desire and acceptability of pregnant women regarding painless labour.Results: The mean age of the women in the study was 24.98years.56% of women in the study were primigravida whereas 44% were multigravida.66% women belonged to urban area while 34% were from rural area. 10% were illiterate, 35% were educated upto secondary education and 55% were having higher education. Only 24% of the women were having knowledge about painless labour however 87% female were having positive attitude towards epidural analgesia. The correlation between the educational status and knowledge about painless labour was not statistically significant (p0.949). The knowledge and attitude of women regarding painless labour was statistically significant with p value of 0.00001.Conclusions: There is lack of knowledge about labour analgesia among women. Obstetrician and anaesthetist should educate women regarding painless labour. Labour analgesia is standard of care in obstetrics and should be provided to all parturient.