1 Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем почвоведения РАН, Российская Федерация, 142290, Московская обл., Пущино, Институтская ул., 2 2 Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Российская Федерация, 199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9 В растительной подстилке и минеральных слоях почв (подбур, дерново-подбур, глеезем, литозем) четырех катен северной и южной экспозиции сельгового ландшафта северо-западного Приладожья, локализованных на разном удалении (300, 500 и 2000 м) от источника аэротехногенного загрязнения (гранитный карьер), определяли углерод микробной биомассы (С мик ) методом субстрат-индуцированного дыхания, скорость базального (микробного) дыхания (БД) и рассчитывали микробный метаболический коэффициент (qCO 2 = БД / С мик ). Показаны высокая биогенность растительной подстилки и низкая -соответствующих минеральных слоев почвенного профиля хвойных лесов. Почвы аккумулятивной части изученных лесных ландшафтов характеризуются высоким С мик и БД по сравнению с транзитной и автономной. Изучено влияние аэротехногенного загрязнения от горнодобывающего предприятия на микробный компонент почвы, выраженное снижением С мик и БД преимущественно в растительной подстилке лесов. Библиогр. 13 назв. Ил. 1. Табл. 6.Ключевые слова: почва, углерод микробной биомассы, базальное дыхание, микробный метаболический коэффициент, растительная ассоциация, аэротехногенное загрязнение, горнодобывающее предприятие.Th e microbial biomass carbon (C mic ) by substrate-induced respiration method (SIR), the basal (microbial) respiration rate (BR) and the metabolic quotient (qCO 2 = BR / C mic ) were calculated from samples of plant litter and mineral layers of forest soils (Podburs, Sod-podburs, Gleyzems, Litozems) of four catenas of northern and southern exposure of selgovy landscape in the Northwest Priladozhje area. Sample sites were located at diff erent distances (300, 500 and 2000 m) from a source of aerotechnogenic pollution (a granite quarry). High levels of biogenecity were found in plant litter, low ones in corresponding mineral layers of the soil profi le in the pine forests examined. Soils of accumulative parts of the landscape were characterized by higher C mic and BR compared to transit and autonomic ones. Th e impact of aerotechnogenic pollution from the granite quarry on soil microbial component was found, it was expressed by decreased C mic and BR mainly in forest plant litter. Refs 13. Fig. 1. Tables 6.
The total soil CO2 emission (EM) and portion of microbial respiration were measured (in situ; May, June, July 2015) in Chernozems typical of virgin steppe, oak forest, bare fallow and urban ecosystems (Kursk region, Russia). In soil samples (upper 10 cm layer), the soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), basal respiration (BR) and fungi-tobacteria ratio were determined and the specific microbial respiration (BR / Cmic = qCO2) was calculated. The EM was varied from 2.0 (fallow) to 23.2 (steppe) g СО2 m-2 d-1. The portion of microbial respiration in EM was reached in average 83, 51 and 60% for forest, steppe and urban, respectively. The soil Cmic and BR were decreased along a gradient of ecosystems transformation (by 4 and 2 times less, respectively), while the qCO2 of urban soil was higher (in average by 42%) compared to steppe, forest and fallow. In urban soil the Cmic portion in soil Сorg and Сfungi-to-Сorg ratio were by 2.6 and 2.4 times less than those for steppe. The relationship between microbial respiration and BR values in Chernozems of various ecosystems was significant (R 2 = 0.57).
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