A Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a type of wireless ad hoc network that facilitates ubiquitous connectivity between vehicles in the absence of fixed infrastructure. Beaconing approaches is an important research challenge in high mobility vehicular networks with enabling safety applications. In this article, we perform a survey and a comparative study of state-of-the-art adaptive beaconing approaches in VANET, that explores the main advantages and drawbacks behind their design. The survey part of the paper presents a review of existing adaptive beaconing approaches such as adaptive beacon transmission power, beacon rate adaptation, contention window size adjustment and Hybrid adaptation beaconing techniques. The comparative study of the paper compares the representatives of adaptive beaconing approaches in terms of their objective of study, summary of their study, the utilized simulator and the type of vehicular scenario. Finally, we discussed the open issues and research directions related to VANET adaptive beaconing approaches.

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Exchanging information efficiently between vehicles or between vehicles to infrastructure is a keystone to successful deployment of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). This information is required by safety applications to work properly. So, this helps to promote foresighted driving which aim to provide a comfortable, safer and more efficient traffic flow and this is realized by means of vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2X) communications including inter-vehicle communication that expands the horizon of drivers and provides alerts of possible dangerous situations ahead in time. In order to achieve a widely spread of V2X communications in the near future, where information can be reliably disseminated among vehicles in proximity with low latency using adaptive beaconing and transmission range approaches, a number of challenging issues have to be addressed. This paper discusses some issues that need to be considered by all researchers during the stage of analyzing the problem evaluation in order to efficiently enhance information dissemination and successful deployment of VANETs.