Background: Cardiolipin is required for in vivo respiratory supercomplex formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Results: Supercomplex III 2 IV 2 reconstitution from purified complexes III and IV was dependent on addition of cardiolipin over their tightly bound amounts. Electron microscopy confirmed supercomplex organization. Conclusion: Supercomplex III 2 IV 2 formation is absolutely contingent on cardiolipin presence in the membrane. Significance: This minimal system provides understanding of lipid-dependent supercomplex dynamics in vivo.

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Glycogen is found in mammals and yeast bound to glycogenin forming proteoglycogen. The branched polysaccharide is joined to the protein through the C-chain, a maltosaccharide considered to be 13 glucose units long and double branched as the other branched glycogen B-chains. We described before the isolation of c-glycogenin, the debranched C-chain bound to glycogenin, from muscle proteoglycogen. In this work, the size of the C-chain is analyzed for the first time. The maltosaccharide moiety of c-glycogenin was auto[