No abstract

Summaryobjective To investigate the effect of gender on mortality of HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its possible reasons. results Over the study period, 2838 adult AIDS patients received ART. Of these, 2029 (71.5%) were alive and still on ART, 376 (13.2%) were dead and 433 (15.3%) were lost to follow-up. Survival analysis with Kaplan-Meier estimator showed significantly higher survival rates among females than males in WHO stage 1, 2 and 3 (both P < 0.0001) and borderline in stage 4 (P = 0.076). The Cox model revealed a death hazard ratio (males vs. females) of 1.70 (95% confidence interval 1.35-2.15) after controlling for WHO clinical stages, body mass index and age. More men than women were lost to follow-up in all occupations except health workers.conclusions The most important reasons for a higher mortality in male patients starting ART may relate to their seeking medical care at a more advanced stage of immunodeficiency and poorer compliance with therapy. The issue needs to be addressed in scaling up ART programmes in Africa.

There was a male predominance of intussusception with a dynamic male-to-female incidence rate ratio. Children under 1 year of age have the highest recurrence and operation rates. Seasonal variation of intussusception was suspected in Taiwan.

Most facial injuries in Taiwan occur in young males and typically result from RTAs, particularly involving motorcycles. However, with increasing age, there is an increase in the proportion of facial injuries due to falls.