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Gross and Simmons explain the results of a survey of college and university professors related to religious behavior and beliefs. They discover that there are not as many atheists and agnostics in the academy as an older view of secularization would have predicted. Still, the professoriate has fewer believers than the population as a whole, especially at the nation's most elite schools. The survey focused on political preferences of professors and found a strong link between evangelical religious belief and conservative political preferences.

A surprising number of modern American cities are experiencing efforts to drastically alter or even abandon their forms of local government. We discuss the major perspectives on municipal structural choice and then use both survey and census data in an attempt to explain this contemporary urban conflict over governance structure. Our findings demonstrate that no single institutional, political, social, or contextual theory satisfactorily explains this evolving struggle over governing arrangements in U.S. cities. Rather, a complex array of factors such as race, ethnicity, education, economic change, governmental composition, and specific municipal design features seem to be driving these movements for institutional change.

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