The authors investigated the moderating role of father's education on the associations between perceived paternal parenting styles and locus of control among 382 Malaysian adolescents with an average age of 14.27. Data were collected by means of adolescents' self-report using standardized instruments (i.e., parental authority questionnaire and Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External Control Scale for Children). Results revealed that there were significant negative relationships between fathers' authoritative parenting style (r = -.243, p < .001) and authoritarian parenting style (r = -.130, p < .01) with adolescents' internal locus of control. Furthermore, the findings indicated that father's high level of education moderated the relationship between perceived paternal authoritarian parenting and locus of control (b = -0.147, p < .001). The findings underscore the need to include the role of parents' education when assessing the links between parenting styles and adolescents' locus of control.

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This study intends to investigate the moderating effect of occupation on the associations between anger and mental health between introverted and extroverted women. Available sampling was used for collecting the data. Sample consisted of 384 women including 192 employed women and 192 housewives women (Mean age = 31.63). A self-administered questionnaire was prepared for the participants. Instruments in the present study included general health questionnaire (GHQ-28), aggression as well as the scale that assessed respondents' introversion and extroversion. Results showed that aggression negatively related to mental health. In contrast, there was positive relationship between control wrath and mental health. Meaningly, women with high level of conciliation tended to possess high mental health. Furthermore, occupation didn't play the moderating role in the associations between anger and mental health between introverted and extroverted women.

Background and Purpose: Child labour refers to the exploitation of children through any form of work that deprives them of their childhood, and threatens their mental, physical, and educational health. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on self-esteem, empathy, and forgiveness in child labour. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. The population of the present study consisted of all 10 to 14 years old girls engaged in child labor in Tehran in 2019. The research sample consisted of 24 girls who were selected through convenience sampling, based on the inclusion criteria. The instruments used included Coopersmith's Self Esteem Inventory (1967), Forgiveness Questionnaire (Rye et al., 2001) and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983). Initially, all children were pre-tested. Then, the experimental group received eight 60min sessions of compassion-focused therapy (Gilbert, 2009), while the control group underwent no intervention. Finally, the post-test was conducted on both groups. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis in SPSS19. Results: Statistical findings indicated significant differences between experimental and the control group in terms of self-esteem (F=47.69 ،P ≤ 0.001). Also, the results showed that the mean difference of empathy and forgiveness variables between the experimental and control groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion:Considering that self-esteem has widespread effects on children's success in many areas, including the quality of interpersonal relations, education, and adaptation, it can be concluded that in affected children who have a lot of shame and self-criticism, compassion-focused therapy increases the self-esteem, by modifying and enhancing their interpersonal interactions.