This paper attempts to identify and analyze different types of gemination processes in

The prosodic features like sonority motivate the pattern of reduplication in Hadoti. This regional variety of the Rajasthani language is spoken in the Western part of India (Rajasthan). Its reduplication process is highly productive, both morphologically * An earlier version of this study was presented (poster) at the 38th International Conference of Linguistic Society of India (ICOLSI-38) held at IIT Guwahati, India in 2016. We thank the audience at this conference for their valuable suggestions that helped us to improve the paper. We also thank the anonymous reviewers of the journal for their comments and suggestions. All errors are, of course, ours. 2 Sonority and Reduplication in Hadoti and phonologically. The Optimality theoretic approach to the analysis of the phonological patterning of the reduplication process in Hadoti gives a theoretical account of the phenomena. Reduplication process is rarely analyzed with sonority patterning giving this study an imperative turn. Thus, the investigation put forward in this paper will hopefully enrich the present reduplication research of Indo-Aryan languages, and the theoretical account advanced here will enable us to see how OT and sonority have interacted with each other during reduplication process.

No abstract

Reduplication is a common morphological process in many languages, particularly in South Asia. This study focuses on the reduplication phenomenon in Hadoti, where it ensues with the help of a discourse marker /rə/, functioning as an emphasizing agent in the process. This marker comes between the base and the reduplicant for expressing emphasis in work or action or verb (as in /kʰa rə kʰa/ ‘do eat,’ etc.). In Hadoti, /rə/ functions as a vocative case marker when it comes at the end of the sentence as in /ram ɡjo rə/ ‘Ram went’. However, when /rə/ occurs in between the base and the reduplicant, the stress shifts on the latter from the base. Phenomena of reduplication with a specific focus on the use of /rə/ are discussed in the current study using the constraints like *CLASH, and STRESS-TO-RED, etc. This particular phenomenon is predominantly present in the case of verbs in Hadoti, which is a unique feature of this variety of Hindi.

Hindi, in its totality, refers to a dialect continuum spoken mainly across northern India. This continuum is usually divided into two forms: Eastern and Western Hindi. Eastern Hindi is mainly made up of Awadhi, Chhattisgarhi and Bagheli dialects, while Western Hindi consists of Hindostani, Banagru, Braj Bhaka, Bundeli and Kanauji dialects.After Linguistic survey of India by George A. Grierson -there has been little or no work which specifically focuses on Kanauji. Trivedi (1993Trivedi ( , 2005 and Bali (2010, 2011) report some secondary data from Kanauji in their works, their focus of inquiry is not Kanauji though. Lewis, Simons & Fennig (2013) refers Kanauji as a language with very low identity. This paper attempts to study the current sociolinguistic situation of Kanauji spoken in the Kanpur district of Uttar Pradesh (India). Some other goals of the paper are following: 1) to feel the pulse of language attitude, with reference to standard Hindi, of the people in Kanpur 2) to present basic linguistic information and 3) to direct attention of the other linguists to Kanauji, which unfortunately has not been the case so far despite of it being mother tongue of millions.This study is result of eighteen days of a fieldtrip to Kanpur district and subsequent preparation of a small speech database of Kanauji. Importance of the work lies in the fact that no previous work, which specifically focuses on Kanauji, has been published so far. This is true at least in the open literature.Keywords: Kanauji; language endangerment; sociolinguistics; Tirhari; varieties of Hindi PovzetekIme hindski jezik se nanaša na kontinuum dialektov v severni Indiji. Zanj je značilna delitev na dve obliki: vzhodni in zahodni hindski jezik. Vzhodni hindski jezik sestavljajo dialekti Awadhi, Chhattisgarhi in Bagheli, zahodnega pa Hindostani, Banagru, Braj Bhaka, Bundeli in dialekti Kanauji.Po jezikovnem pregledu v Indiji (Linguistic survey of India), ki ga je med leti 1894 in 1928 spisal George A. Grierson, se nihče več ni lotil raziskovanja dialekta Kanauji. Trivedi (1993, 2005 ter Mishra in Bali (2010Bali ( , 2011 o njemu sicer poročajo, vendar je dialekt omenjen le posredno. Lewis in drugi (2013) ga omenjajo kot jezik z zelo slabo identiteto.Članek je študija o trenutni sociolingvistični situaciji dialekta Kanauji, govorjenega na območju Kanpur v Uttar Pradesh v Indiji. Obenem si avtorja postavljata tudi naslednje cilje: 1. zaznati odnos naravnih govorcev do lastnega dialekta kot tudi do standardnega jezika, 2. predstaviti osnovne 102 Pankaj DWIVEDI, Somdev KAR jezikovne informacije dialekta in 3. povečati zanimanje jezikoslovcev za dialekt Kanauji, ki je bil do sedaj zelo zapostavljen kljub temu, da ima več milijonov naravnih govorcev.Ta študija je rezultat 18-dnevnega dela na terenu na območju Kanpur in kasnejše priprave podatkovne zbirke dialekta Kanauji. Pomembnost tega dela je predvsem v tem, da je ta raziskava edinstvena kar zadeva dialekt Kanauji, vsaj v javno dostopni znantveni literaturi.