El artículo seleccionado no se encuentra disponible por ahora a texto completo por no haber sido facilitado todavía por el investigador a cargo del archivo del mismo.

In the present study we reported the antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes isolated from aridic soil sample collected in Karoo, South Africa. Eighty-six actinomycete strains were isolated and purified, out of them thirty-four morphologically different strains were tested for antimicrobial activity. Among 35 isolates, 10 (28.57%) showed both antibacterial and antifungal activity. The ethyl acetate extract of strain KRG-1 showed the strongest antimicrobial activity and therefore was selected for further investigation. The almost complete nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene as well as distinctive matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) profile of whole-cell proteins acquired for strain KRG-1 led to the identification of Streptomyces antibioticus KRG-1 (GenBank accession number: KX827270). The ethyl acetate extract of KRG-1 was fractionated by HPLC method against the most suppressed bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (Newman). LC//MS analysis led to the identification of the active peak that exhibited UV-VIS maxima at 442 nm and the ESI-HRMS spectrum showing the prominent ion clusters for [M-H 2 O+H] + at m/z 635.3109 and for [M+Na] + at m/z 1269.6148. This information could be assigned to chromopeptide lactone antibiotic-actinomycin. Our results suggest that unexplored soils could be an interesting source for exploring antibacterial secondary metabolites.

The aim of our work was to survey and state the representative values and range of the microbial biomass carbon (C mic ) and microbial respiration activities in arable soils of three types (Chernozem, Luvisol, Planosol) and in pasture grassland soil (Cambisol). In arable soils no significant differences between the soil types were found concerning the content of C mic . Way of soil use significantly influenced C mic with higher values on pasture grassland soil. In Cambisol, a relatively strong relationships between C mic and C org (r = 0.919) as well as between C mic and N tot (r = 0.922) were determined. The basal respiration (BR) was no affected neither by a soil type nor by a way of soil use. On all monitored sites microbes responded positively to the addition of glucose (potential respiration -PR), but the strongest response was observed on the soil types with good mineralisation ability, such as Chernozems and Luvisols. On pasture grassland soil, the substrate availability index (PR/BR) with values of 2.32 was observed, which is lower compared to 7.60 of arable soil. This fact to indicate that pasture grassland soil had more easy decomposable organic compounds than arable soils.Keywords: arable soil; pasture grassland soil; microbial biomass carbon; respiration. AbstraktCieľom našej práce bolo preskúmať a stanoviť reprezentatívne hodnoty a rozsah hodnôt uhlíka mikrobiálnej biomasy (C mic ) a respiračnej aktivity ornej pôdy troch pôdnych typov (černozem, hnedozem, pseudoglej) a pôdy pasienka (kambizem). V ornej pôde neboli zistené preukazné rozdiely v obsahu C mic medzi pôdnymi typmi. Spôsob využívania pôdy preukazne ovplyvnil C mic , s vyššími hodnotami pri pasienku. V kambizemi boli zistené relatívne silné vzťahy medzi C mic a C org (r = 0,919) a C mic a N tot (r = 0,922). Bazálna respirácia (BR) nebola ovplyvnená pôdnym typom ani spôsobom využívania pôdy. Na všetkých sledovaných stanovištiach mikroorganizmy pozitívne reagovali na prídavok glukózy (potenciálna respirácia -PR), ale najsilnejšia odpoveď bola pri pôdnych typoch s dobrou mineralizačnou aktivitou ako černozem DETAILNÝ ABSTRAKTUvedenou štúdiou sme zmonitorovali veľkosť uhlíka mikrobiálnej biomasy a respiračnú aktivitu v štyroch najrozšírenejších pôdnych typoch Slovenska využívaných ako orná pôda a pasienok. Medzi pôdnymi typmi hnedozem (8 lokalít), černozem (7 lokalít) a pseudoglej (6 lokalít) na ornej pôde sme v množstve uhlíka biomasy mikroorganizmov nezistili preukazné rozdiely (pseudoglej od 107 do 777, s priemernou hodnotou 456 µg C g -1 ; černozem od 146 do 802 s priemernou hodnotou 362 µg C g -1 ; hnedozem od 108 do 714 s priemernou hodnotou 257 µg C g -1 ). Avšak pri tomto type využívania pôdy bolo štatisticky preukazne nižšie zastúpenie uhlíka biomasy mikroorganizmov ako v pôde pasienka (kambizem od 1024 do 1592 s priemernou hodnotou 1294 µg C g -1 ). Bazálna respirácia (BR) nebola ovplyvnená pôdnym typom ani spôsobom využívania pôdy. Na prídavok glukózy (potenciálna respirácia PR) pozitívne reagovali mikroorganizmy zo všetkýc...

A total of 939 isolates of 11 genera representing 15 species of keratinophilic fungi were isolated and identified from the soils of three long-term fold-grazed pastures in national parks of Slovakia (Pod Ploskou, Strungový príslop, and Pod Kečkou) and one non-fold-grazed pasture in sierra Stolicke vrchy (Diel) using the hair-baiting technique. Keratinophilic fungi were present in all soil samples with a prevalence of Trichophyton ajelloi and Paecilomyces lilacinus. These fungi were more abundant in soil from fold-grazed pasture (Strungový príslop) compared to non-fold-grazed pasture (Diel). The occurrence of the other keratinophilic fungi was substantially lower, likely because of low pH in some soils.

No abstract