No abstract

Octopus-inspired suckers, [6][7][8] fish-inspired adhesive disks, [9,10] tree-frog-inspired polygonal patterns, and [11,12] insect-inspired nanopillar arrays [13] achieve amazing wet adhesion performance by mimicking the peculiar micro/nanostructures of natural organisms. In addition, mussel-inspired innovative dopamine chemistry method has been actively employed to modify the surface with catecholamine functional groups. [14][15][16][17][18] Micro-nano etching and surface chemistry modification have become the mainstream of biomimetic adhesion design. Actually, climbing plants also exhibit ultrastrong adhesion for tightly bonding with the matrix. It is reported that creeper sucker can support a 22.9 t sperm whale within the palm-sized area (11.25 MPa). [19] Moreover, the adhesive discs were fully developed both for rough organic substrates like wood and smooth inorganic substrates like ceramic tiles. [20] Amazing adhesion and environmental adaptability have attracted scientists-eager attention to its adhesion mechanism.Actually, the creeper suckers adhere to supporting objects by flattening against the support surface and secreting the mucus at the base of the papillate cells. The mucus is highly heterogeneous, raftlike structure and consists of pectinaceous, rhamnogalacturonan (RG) I-reactive components surrounding a callosic core, which are subsequently lignified, and become hard by the deposition of polymers composed of phenylpropane derivative units. [21] In general, creeper utilizes the lignified polysaccharide mucilage in the sucker to adhere to hard/soft interface simultaneously in harsh climate. Accordingly, the optimized curable organic matter that can noncovalently reinforce polymer network should be a feasible strategy to manufacture the creeper sucker-inspired adhesive materials.Crystalline ionic liquid is a kind of salt whose phase-transition is fully controllable due to its own low melting point. Similar to the raft-shaped lignified polysaccharide, the crystalline ionic liquid presents dendritic fibers, [22] which becomes a promising filler to simulate the adhesion behavior of creeper sucker.Herein, we develop a simple and robust strategy to design polymer gel adhesive inspired by creeper sucker. Crystallizable 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([EMIM]Br) solvent High-strength and reversible adhesion technology, which is a universal phenomenon in nature but remains challenging for artificial synthesis, is essential for the development of modern science. Existing adhesive designs without interface versatility hinder their application to arbitrary surfaces. Bioinspired by creeper suckers, a crystal-fiber reinforced polymer gel adhesive with ultrastrong adhesion strength and universal interface adaptability is creatively prepared via introducing a room-temperature crystallizable solvent into the polymer network. The gel adhesive formed by hydrogen bonding interaction between crystal fibers and polymer network can successfully realize over 9.82 MPa reversible adhesion strength for rough interface and...

Inspired by nature, we introduce superconcentrated LiTFSI solution into aligned polymer networks. These well-designed supercapacitors exhibit all-climate capacitance from −54 to 100 °C and maintain stable performance under consecutive bending conditions.

Many tumor therapies take advantage of upsetting the redox balance in tumor cells, but to do so requires excessive biochemical or physical attacks. The high‐throughput simulation using multi‐pathway techniques described herein can yield an increased efficacy in bio‐oxidation. In this study, compartmental hierarchical nanoreactors are developed as an efficient multi‐pathway singlet oxygen (1O2) generation system for superactive biocatalytic tumor therapy. The penetrated super cavity and connected dual‐mesopore channels of the compartmental multienzyme nanoreactors are designed using the proposed heterogeneous template assembly for multi‐enzyme complex (superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐lactoperoxidase (LPO)) and photosensitizer molecule (indocyanine green (ICG)) encapsulation. Benefiting by the enhanced direct substrate diffusion between the interacting SOD–LPO complex and decrease in external diffusion, the parallel catalysis combined by the superactive cascade biocatalysis and enzyme‐promoted photosensitization effect is verified by this compartmental silica nanoreactor system. The parallel pathways not only make full use of the products of SOD (H2O2 and O2), but also exhibit outstanding capability for 1O2 production, at ≈2.15 and 1.70 times augmented 1O2, respectively. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the synergetic 1O2‐mediated inhibition of tumor proliferation, lending this strategy great potential for the treatment of hypoxic tumors.

Electrolyte regeneration is an important goal for environmental protection and sustainable development efforts. Herein, we report a facile strategy inspired by the transformation of edible dough from flour to regenerate hydrogel electrolytes from their dehydrated copolymer granules (CGs) via direct addition of water or salt solution. With the aid of heating, this procedure is efficient, relatively quick, and easily implemented. The dehydrated CGs are lightweight, reusable and stable under long-term storage. Even after 5 cycles of dehydration and regeneration, the regeneration efficiency of the hydrogel electrolytes, as evaluated based on retention of mechanical strength, is over 60%. The regenerated electrolytes possess considerable ionic conductivity, reprocessability, and 3D-printability. Furthermore, an all-gel supercapacitor assembled from the regenerated hydrogel electrolyte and activated carbon electrode with CGs as binder demonstrates excellent interfacial compatibility. The assembled all-gel supercapacitor can maintain 98.7% of its original specific capacitance after 100 bending tests, and can operate in a wide temperature range spanning from −15 to 60°C. This work may provide a new access to the development of renewable materials for various applications in the fields of intelligent devices, wearable electronics and soft robotics.