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By analogy with other types of carbons, templated mesoporous carbons (TMCs) can be used as supercapacitors. Their contribution arises essentially from the double layer capacity formed on their surface, which corresponds to 0.14 F m −2 in aqueous electrolytes such as H 2 SO 4 and KOH and 0.06 F m −2 for the aprotic medium (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 in CH 3 CN. In the case of a series of 27 TMCs, it appears that the effective surface area determined by independent techniques can be as high as 1500-1600 m 2 g −1 , and therefore exceeds the value obtained for many activated carbons (typically 900-1300 m 2 g −1 ). On the other hand, the relatively low amount of surface oxygen in the present TMCs, as opposed to activated carbons, reduces the contribution of pseudo-capacitance effects and limits the gravimetric capacitance to 200-220 F g −1 for aqueous electrolytes. In the case of non-aqueous electrolyte, it rarely exceeds 100 F g −1 .It is also shown that the average mesopore diameter of these TMCs does not improve significantly the ionic mobility compared with typical activated carbons of pore-widths above 1.0-1.3 nm.This study suggests that activated carbons remain the more promising candidates for supercapacitors with high performances.

The hydrodynamics and performance of conical spouted beds provided with different types of draft-tubes have been studied for the treatment of fine particles. Correlations for calculation of the minimum spouting velocity, operating pressure drop, and peak pressure drop have been developed as a function of dimensionless moduli that take into account the geometric factors, particle characteristics, and operating conditions. A statistical analysis of the data obtained following a design of experiments shows that the height of the entrainment zone is highly significant in the nonporous draft-tubes, whereas the stagnant bed height is the counterpart in the open-sided draft-tubes.

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