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Background: Describe the surgical results in terms of postoperative morbidity and mortality and survival of patients undergoing an EC in two time periods. Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease in the world and highly lethal. T1b and T2 tumors require an extended cholecystectomy (EC) for staging and eventual treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation according to lymph node involvement.Methods: Case series with follow-up of patients undergoing EC between January 2006 and December 2010 (Group A) and between January 2011 and December 2016 (group B) at the Hospital Dr. Hernan Henriquez Aravena and Clinica Alemana in Temuco. Biodemographic, surgical and clinical evolution variables were recorded. Descriptive statistic was used with measures of central tendency and dispersion and analysis with Kaplan-Meier curves for survival.Results: The series consists of 31 patients, 11 in the first time period (group A) and 20 in the second (group B). Total female patients 28. Mean age 60.5±8.5 years in group A and 58.4±9.1 in group B. The mean number of days between cholecystectomy and EC was 123.1±59.1 days in group A and 119.3±48.6 in group B. In group A there was morbidity in 6 patients (54%) and 4 patients (20%) in group B. With an average follow-up of 54.8±41 months in both groups, 2 patients died.Conclusions: Author presented results of similar morbidity and mortality in both study groups and in the literature in national and international studies.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a frequent disease in Chile, with mortality rate of 10-30%. Prophylactic antibiotics administration has been part of severe acute pancreatitis treatment for theoretical prevention of infectious complications and mortality reduction. Yet the available evidence is controversial. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that prophylactic antibiotics do not reduce complications, need for intensive care unit bed or mortality in severe acute pancreatitis.Methods: Randomized clinical trial with simple randomization using a computational table (use or non-use of prophylactic antibiotics) of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. We define severe acute pancreatitis as APACHE II ≥8, C-reactive protein ≥150. In prophylactic antibiotics use group, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole were administered for 7 days. This preliminary report is presented with 50% of the calculated sample.Results: N=150, two randomized groups; group 1 (n=73), without prophylactic antibiotics use, and group 2 (n=77) with antibiotic prophylaxis use. Twenty-four patients (16%) required intensive care unit bed; twelve in group 1, and twelve in group 2 (p=0.53). Ten patients (6.66%) had some type of complication, one in group 1 and nine in group 2 (p=0.01). The average hospital stay was 15.7±9.0 days in group 1, and 16.8±17.9 days in group 2 (p=0.57). Mortality was four patients (2.66%), one in group 1 and three in group 2 (p=0.33).Conclusions: In this preliminary report, the prophylactic antibiotics use for severe acute pancreatitis was not shown to reduce complications, need for an intensive care unit bed or mortality.

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