<p>A new method of iterative buckling analysis is proposed for obtaining the effective length of steel tower members in cable-stayed bridges. The concept of a fictitious axial force, which is derived from the relation between the individual buckling limit of each member and the overall buckling of the bridge, is introduced to overcome the problem associated with system buckling analysis. After presenting the proposed method, it is applied to an example cable-stayed bridge with different girder depths. The results demonstrate that the proposed method not only provides reasonable outcomes by correcting the inaccuracies seen in system buckling analysis, but is also convenient for practical applications.</p>

In this study, a prototype was constructed and a field experiment was conducted to develop the water supply system that can purify polluted water quickly and efficiently. As a result of water quality analysis on the filtered water treated by a prototype, it could be used for living water, graywater and drinking water. There is the pressurized type filtration system that plays an important role in the water supply and production system. A filtration filter in the pressurized type filtration system absorbs pollutants and produces clean water. Filtration filter that can filter out contaminants is closely related to flow phenomena. Since it is impossible to observe in the vicinity of the filtration filter, the flow phenomenon is analyzed using CFX model. As the inner structure of the filtration was changed, the flow phenomenon in the filtration filter was examined. After changing the angle of the filter plate inside the filtration from 15º to 20º, the velocity distribution was analyzed. The standard deviation was reduced from 0.0575 to 0.0154. A uniform flow velocity distribution was formed around the filter. As a result, filtration efficiency is expected to increase.

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