This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium. Purpose: This study was conducted to verify the effects of a memory and visual-motor integration program for older adults based on self-efficacy theory. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was implemented in this quasi-experimental study. The participants were 62 older adults from senior centers and older adult welfare facilities in D and G city (Experimental group=30, Control group=32). The experimental group took part in a 12-session memory and visual-motor integration program over 6 weeks. Data regarding memory self-efficacy, memory, visual-motor integration, and depression were collected from July to October of 2014 and analyzed with independent t-test and MannWhitney U test using PASW Statistics (SPSS) 18.0 to determine the effects of the interventions. Results: Memory self-efficacy (t=2.20, p=.031), memory (Z=-2.92, p=.004), and visual-motor integration (Z=-2.49, p=.013) increased significantly in the experimental group as compared to the control group. However, depression (Z=-0.90, p=.367) did not decrease significantly. Conclusion: This program is effective for increasing memory, visual-motor integration, and memory self-efficacy in older adults. Therefore, it can be used to improve cognition and prevent dementia in older adults.

Objectives: This study is a descriptive study to survey the nursing college students for their health literacy, self-care agency, and health promoting behavior and to analyze their related factors. Methods: The questionnaire was administered to 228 students in two nursing colleges. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA with scheff'e test, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: In this study, nursing students health literacy 14.37 ± 2.00, self-care agency was 158.10 ± 26.62 points, health promotion behavior were 145.67 ± 35.10 points. This result was higher than the previous study. The subjects' health literacy had a significant positive correlation with self-care agency (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), a significant positive correlation with health promoting behavior (r = 0.25, p < 0.001), and self-care agency had a significant positive correlation with health promoting behavior (r = 0.39, p < 0.001). Regression analysis to identify factors affecting the health promoting behavior showed that self-care agency was the most significant factor (p = 0.001), followed by health literacy (p = 0.048). In the regression analysis, self-care agency and health literacy were significant predictors and explained 23.0% (p < 0.001) of health promoting behavior. Conclusions: Results of this study have suggested that self-care agency and health literacy were significantly related to health promoting behavior in nursing college students. Therefore, in order to improve the health promoting behaviors of nursing college students, it is necessary to improve the health literacy and self-care agency, and the systematic education strategy and education program should be developed and applied.

The aim of this paper was to determinate the factors that affect physical activity of community-dwelling elders. Methods: A cross-sectional approach was used to explore factors promoting physical activity. Participants were 203 individuals aged 65 years and over living in either the C or D cities. Each participant completed a questionnaire which included the Korean Version of Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (K-PASE), geriatric depression, fear of falling and mini mental state examination Data were collected from July, 20 to August, 30, 2015 and statistical analysis was used to examine the participant characteristics, physical activity differences according to characteristics, correlation between physical activity and research variables, and factors affecting the physical activity. Results: The mean score for K-PASE was 106.00±67.49. K-PASE showed significantly negative correlations with depression (r=-.16, p=.026) and fear of falling (r=-.31, p<.001) and a positive correlation with cognitive function (r=.37, p<.001). In regression analysis, factors influencing the physical activity were age, educational level and cognitive function. Explanatory rate of these factors for K-PASE was 21.0%. Conclusion: Findings from the study indicate that the physical activity programs should include intervention strategies to enhance cognitive function while considering age and education level.

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The purpose of this study was to compare attitudes toward death anxiety and preferences for care near the end of life between nurses and physicians. Data were collected from 225 employees (150 nurses, 75 physicians) working in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. The study found a higher presence of death anxiety in nurses than physicians. Within the category of death anxiety, the “dying of others” was highest in nurses, whereas the “death of others” was highest in physicians. Among the five dimensions of the preferred care near the end of life, “pain” was the most preferred dimension while “decision-making by health care professionals” was the least preferred dimension for both nurses and physicians. Physicians preferred autonomous decision-making and decision-making by healthcare professionals; nurses preferred pain and spirituality. The results show that adequate pain relief is the most preferred care at the end of life for both nurses and physicians. This study indicates that nurses and physicians consider patient autonomy, pain control, and spirituality as important factors in end-of-life care. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that educational intervention programs are needed to reduce the death anxiety of nurses and physicians and thereby improve their terminal care performance.