In light of climate change and sustainable development issues, holistic flood risk reduction strategies must be integrated into policy initiatives to reduce flood threats. Numerous countries have been devastated by recent floods, which have claimed many lives and wrecked the economy in the affected areas. In most nations, there are public policies in place to mitigate the impact of flooding on citizens. Policies adopted are mostly based on international frameworks, including the Yokohama Strategy, the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. With the help of international frameworks, Malaysia has also developed several disaster guidelines and public policies. Some people died as a result of their failure to escape from the floodwaters, but many more were injured. Since Malaysia is plagued by floods, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of Malaysian public policy related to flood management. This qualitative research examines and evaluates publications from a variety of sources, especially published journal articles. The findings revealed that Malaysia lacks an effective legislative framework to integrate policies and mechanisms for flood management. Directive No. 20 of the National Security Council provides precise standards, but it must also rely on a range of regulations not specifically adopted for flood control. Besides that, the Directive is formulated to cater to general disasters and is not specifically focused on the flood. The Directive also did not highlight the need to engage citizens in flood management. Besides that, some local plans are less concerned with the criteria that help to inculcate preparedness in the face of flood risk. Policymakers in Malaysia should be able to use the findings of this research to craft a public policy that specifically addresses the country's flood concerns. Scholars are encouraged to conduct an additional study to obtain a better understanding of public policy issues in Malaysia, particularly floods.

This research tried to find out the types and causes of accidents that happen in food-manufacturing factories in small and medium-sized industries (SMIs) in Kedah and the actions taken by the employers following the occurrence of the accidents. Results showed that majority of the respondents had encountered slight injuries. The majority of the accidents were caused by human factors, and employers seldom took serious actions against those involved in workplace accidents. Small cut was identified as the commonest type of accident that occurred in the SMIs for the past two years. Findings also indicated that many of the employers were less interested in giving out incentives when their employees complied with all the safety rules and regulations while punishments were less serious for those who do not complied with safety rules and regulations.

A wide range of services provided by coasts and oceans, directly and indirectly, contribute to economic activity and growth on a global scale. Under a blue economy, various international organizations promote sustainable coastal and oceanic development, including the United Nations and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and some East Asian economies. More than a third of all research focusing on the blue economy focus on its conception, emphasizing the importance of ocean ecosystem services and ocean governance. However, little research has been done on the Malaysian context of the blue economy and its relevance to the Malaysian government's efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This qualitative study applied a content analysis approach for data collection and the analysis was presented descriptively. The results of the study found that the Malaysian blue economy concept is in line with six goals highlighted in the SDGs as goal 1 -No Poverty; Goal 2 -Zero Hunger; Goal 9-Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; Goal 14 -Life Below Water; Goal 15-Climate Change; and Goal 17 -Partnership for the Goals. This study adds to the current literature by investigating the blue economy in the Malaysian context. This conceptual paper will assist policymakers in identifying the primary driving reasons underlying the expansion of Malaysian blue economy activities. This will assist in focusing on policy interventions.

Most countries worldwide acknowledge the importance of youth in driving the country forward in terms of politics, society, and the economy. This group is known for its enthusiasm, energy, and ability to make sound decisions. Their involvement in flood disaster management is critical to the well-being of flood victims. The fact that countries have enlisted the help of youth in flood disaster management is not surprising. Flood disaster management requires youth involvement to construct an all-encompassing plan that meets countries' demands. Some youths, however, fail to make use of their unique position to get involved in flood disaster response efforts. Research on youth's abilities and contributions as change agents in their communities has been scant, despite the benefits of their involvement in disaster risk reduction (DRR). Therefore, this study will investigate Malaysian youth participation in flood disaster management. This qualitative research examines and analyses papers from various sources, including journal articles, newspaper articles, and government documents. The findings revealed that most Malaysian youths were actively involved in flood disaster management, particularly during and after a flood. As part of the assistance provided, funds were raised, the victim's house was cleaned up, food and clothing were provided, and the flood victims were rescued. This study contributes to enriching knowledge on youth in flood disaster management. The findings of this study will help policymakers formulate sound public policies and programs to encourage youth to participate in flood disaster management.

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