No abstract

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a role in the regulation of the cardiovascular system through sympathetic and parasympathetic modulations, which act in an associated way in the regulation of homeostasis. This regulation exercised by the ANS is determined by numerous factors including breathing, stress, temperature, blood pressure and physical activity. Cardiac nerve regulation is influenced by obesity, but the autonomic response present in this disorder has not yet been elucidated. It is known that a 10% increase in body fat is able to lead to a decrease in parasympathetic action and an increase in heart rate. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) allows the evaluation of autonomic heart modulation through the ventricular depolarization intervals to the electrocardiogram (ECG), and provides information on the relationship and contribution of the ANS to the neural influence of heart rate control. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the HRV by means of an electrocardiographic examination in obese dogs with Body Condition Score (BCS) 8/9 and 9/9, comparing with HRV of the same animals, after therapy with therapeutic ration in the period of 6 months, as well as the comparison with control group with lean animals. With the results obtained in the present study, it can be inferred that probably the imbalance in the autonomic activity due to obesity in dogs is not the same as in humans and that a greater understanding of this regulation in these animals is necessary, especially considering their vagotonia. The diet program based on low-calorie ration reached approximately 10% and 20% of weight reduction after two and six months, respectively. Obesity raises HRV by increasing parasympathetic activity in the autonomic regulation of the heart in dogs.

A estenose traqueal é o estreitamento de 10% ou mais do lúmen traqueal, obstruindo parcialmente a passagem de ar para os brônquios. Animais com histórico de sinais respiratórios e antecedentes de trauma e/ou intubação orotraqueal são mais propensos à esta afecção, que é pouco relatada na medicina veterinária. O objetivo deste relato é destacar a correção cirúrgica em um caso de estenose traqueal em cão jovem de grande porte. Um cão, macho, da raça Labrador, com seis meses de idade, foi atendido com tosse paroxística, dispneia obstrutiva e intolerância ao exercício. A radiografia cervico-torácica revelou estreitamento traqueal entre as vértebras C7-T1. Na traqueoscopia foi possível visualizar estreitamento do lúmem traqueal percorridos aproximadamente 20 cm a partir de sua entrada. O paciente foi então submetido à procedimento cirúrgico de ressecção e anastomose término-terminal da porção estenosada da traquéia através de acesso mediano cervical. Não houveram complicações trans ou pós-cirúrgicas, sendo observado remissão dos sinais clínicos de obstrução respiratória já no pós-cirúrgico imediato. O paciente foi acompanhado e avaliado clínica e fisicamente durante o período de um ano. Nesse período o paciente não apresentou recidiva dos sinais respiratórios obstrutivos, o que demonstrou que o tratamento cirúrgico foi eficaz para o retorno à sua qualidade de vida.

Background: acceptance of the covid-19 vaccination is a key point to fight against the actual pandemic. The rapid development of covid-19 vaccines caused worldwide concerns about its efficacy, side-effects and uncertainty in the future after immunization, thus contributing to vaccine acceptability and hesitancy. Historically, vaccine hesitancy by part of the populations constitutes a barrier to achieve control of preventable infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the acceptance and hesitance rates to the covid-19 vaccination among Brazilian veterinarians by the beginning of the national vaccination campaign. Methodology: a voluntary anonymous online survey conducted from November 10, 2020 to March 31, 2021, accessing a closed group of vets from the network Facebook. Results: our results showed that from the sample of 351 respondents, 239 (68.09%), 81(23.08%), and 31 (8.83%), declared themselves in favor, not now, and against vaccination, respectively, given about two-thirds acceptance and one-third vaccine hesitance. Conclusion: this study demonstrated a positive but moderate level of acceptance of the covid-19 vaccination by part of Brazilian veterinarians. Key words: Covid-19, Covid-19 vaccine, Vaccine hesitancy, Vaccine acceptance, Vaccine resistance, Veterinarians.