Surgical site infection after breast cancer surgical procedures was more common than expected for clean surgery and more common than SSI after non-cancer-related breast surgical procedures. Knowledge of the attributable costs of SSI in this patient population can be used to justify infection control interventions to reduce the risk of infection.

Objective: Nose deformity, including nasal deviation, is conspicuous since it locates in central face area. Regarding this and its prevention, nasal septum is one of the important supporting structures. Understand bending tolerance of the cartilaginous septum not only helps mitigate secondary deformity from surgical intervention, but also provides baseline information for further study regarding the nasal septum.Materials and Methods: Nineteen fresh cadavers were dissected to expose the cartilaginous nasal septum. It was connected with the set-up computer system for detection of electrical signal at 1-mm septal bending from the midline. Mechanical load (bending load) was applied over the dorsal septum to quantify its bending tolerance. The data of bending tolerance and Pearson’s correlation were reported.Results: The mean of septal thicknesses is 1.5 ± 0.4 with the average bending load of 19.0 ± 11.2 g. The majority of the septal thicknesses (15/19; 78.9%) of the dissections are within the range of 1.1 – 2.0 mm with bending load of 18.2 ± 8.9 g on average. There is a moderately positive association between septal thickness and bending load, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient is 0.602 (95%CI from 0.204 to 0.830) with p-value of 0.006.Conclusion: The overall nasal septum and the septum with thickness between 1.1 – 2 mm are able to tolerate loading over distal part of caudal septum about 19.0 and 18.2 g, respectively. Septal thickness shows moderately positive correlation with bending load.

Purpose This study contributes to the multidisciplinary understanding of septal L-strut reshaping and introduces innovative surgical design concepts based on engineering principles of static equilibrium. The objective is to enhance structural strength and stability, ultimately leading to improved surgical outcomes. Method Finite element analysis is employed to model the three-dimensional septal cartilage in septoplasty. A significant contribution of this work is the introduction of an innovative redesigns for the septal L-strut structure. These redesigns represent the first-ever attempt to incorporate the center of gravity theory into the modeling of the septal L-strut. Results Our findings emphasize the significance of attaining a lower center of gravity in the design of the septal L-strut, as it contributes to optimal core strength and stability. To achieve this, we recommend widening the caudal septum and shaping the interior fillet corner to its maximum size, taking into account its specific shape. Notably, the utilization of a standard 20x20 mm septal L-strut, the C-shaped technique, and the septal support graft technique provide superior strength due to enhanced basement support. Conclusion To enhance surgical outcomes in septal L-strut procedures, design modifications are proposed to improve strength and stability, resulting in optimized performance. Recommendations include widening the caudal septum and incorporating fillet shapes in the geometry to lower the center of gravity.