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Laser welding is being used more frequently in industrial processes because of its advantages; therefore, energy loss in welding is an important issue during planning and operation. We calculated the energy losses expected during the laser welding of TA6V titanium alloy. We used the heat equation to describe the energy distribution of solid and liquid TA6V. The solid-to-liquid phase change was taken into account by comparing the accumulated energies and enthalpy of fusion. A numerical model was used to calculate the energy lost by convection and radiation. Finite difference calculations were performed using a FORTRAN-based computer program to solve the heat equation. The numerical results suggested that the appropriate laser welding velocity and power were in good agreement with the experimental data published elsewhere in the literature. The results showed the importance of the influence of the energy lost by radiation and convection in the welding area on welding energies and temperatures.

The laser welding provides a very high energy density, this allows the use of welds narrow, deep and at high speeds. Because of its advantages over other joining processes, laser welding is a process of manufacturing the most important. In order to model the thermal behavior, we must study the different phenomena that may be involved in the operation. The temperature distribution in the workpiece can be determined from the heat equation which expresses the energy balance. This is a parabolic differential equation and for resolution we applied the finite difference method using the implicit scheme.

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