The Reseda genus is found in the Mediterranean and the Southwestern Asian areas [1]. In Algeria, there are twenty two species and subspecies [2,3]. Eight flavones [4][5][6][7][8][9], sixteen flavonols [7,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16], and one isoflavone [13] have been reported from the genus Reseda. R. villosa (Resedaceae) is an endemic species [1] collected from Ghardaia (Septentrional Algerian Sahara) in March 2002 and authenticated by Prof. Gerard De Belair (Annaba, Algeria). R. duriaeana (Resedaceae) is an endemic species [2] collected from Djebel El-Ouach-Constantine (Eastern Algeria) in May 2004 and authenticated by Prof. Gerard De Belair (Annaba, Algeria).Voucher specimen were deposited in the herbarium of the Laboratory of Therapeutic Substances (LOST) at Mentouri University (LOST/ZKAK Rv/03/02 and LOST/ZKAK Rd/05/04).Air-dried and powdered aerial parts (1 kg) of R. duriaeana and R. villosa (1 kg) were macerated in a methanolic solution (70%). The extract of each plant was successively concentrated to dryness (under low pressure); the residue was dissolved in boiling water and extracted with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol successively.The butanolic extract was column chromatographed on polyamid SC6 and eluted with toluene-methanol with increasing polarity. Whatman 3MM paper chromatography using 15% AcOH and BAW (n-BuOH-AcOH-H 2 O, 4:1:5 upper phase) and TLC on polyamid DC6, eluted with H 2 O-MeOH-methyl-ethyl ketone-acetylacetone (13:3:3:1) followed by column flash chromatography over Sephadex LH-20 in MeOH led to five pure flavonoid glycosides from R. duriaeana (1-5) and six flavonoid glycosides (5-10) from R. villosa, which were identified by the usual physicochemical techniques: R f , fluorescence, UV, NMR spectroscopies, and acid hydrolysis [17][18][19].Acid Hydrolysis. The pure compounds were treated with 2 M HCl at 100qC for 1 h. The hydrolysates were extracted with EtOAc, and the aglycones were identified by their UV spectra in methanol and by comparison of their R f with authentic samples.Sugars in the aqueous residue were identified by comparison with authentic samples on silica gel TLC impregnated with 0.2 M NaH 2 PO 4 , solvent Me 2 CO-H 2 O (9:1), and revealed with aniline malonate.

Rosmarinus officinalis or Rosemary is a highly valued medicinal vegetal, owing to its notable antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. In the current work, we aimed to identify the chemical components of the essential oil (EO) of R. officinalis and evaluate its biological properties using an in vitro approach. High performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF-MS) was utilized to analyze of the hydro-methanolic extract (HME), while gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was considered during the analysis of the EO’s chemical composition. The antioxidant abilities of HME and the EO were assessed using diverse tests (DPPH, ABTS, GOR, CUPRAC, and FRAP). The anti-enzymatic properties were tested by the inhibition of cholinesterases, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase enzyme. The HPLC-TOF-MS displayed the existence of flavonoids like luteolin glucuronide I and II, and a few known hydroxycinnamic acids. The EO contained three major components, namely, eucalyptol (28.7%), camphor (16.7%), and borneol (13.5%). The HME had a high total polyphenol content, as determined by the Folin–Ciocalteau method (335.37 ± 9.33 µg of gallic acid eq·mg−1). Notably, the analysis of the bioactivities of the HME and EO revealed comparatively that they possessed higher radical scavenging capacity in the DPPH, ABTS, and galvinoxyl assays, while EO exhibited a higher capacity for enzyme inhibition. Overall, our findings suggest that both the EO and HME extract of Algerian’s R. officinalis holds great usefulness in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields due to its elevated polyphenol content and potent bioactivities.

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Two new oleanane‐type triterpene saponins, afrocyclamins A and B (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from a MeOH extract of the roots of Cyclamen africanum Boiss. & Reuter, together with three known triterpenoid saponins, lysikokianoside, deglucocyclamin I, and its dicrotalic acid derivative. The structures were elucidated, on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments and mass spectrometry as (3β,20β)‐13,28‐epoxy‐16‐oxo‐3‐{O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐O‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl}oxy}oleanan‐29‐al (1) and (3β,16α,20β)‐16,28,29‐trihydroxy‐olean‐12‐en‐3‐yl O‐4‐O‐(4‐carboxy‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐1‐oxobutyl)‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐O‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐α‐L‐arabinopyranoside (2).

Seven known ursane-type saponins were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Zygophyllum cornutum Coss, and identified by 2D NMR spectroscopy and FAB-mass spectrometry. They are reported in this species for the first time and might be chemotaxonomically significant for the genus Zygophyllum.