Current drug treatments are focused on pharmacological and chemotherapeutical treatment such as controlling the acute and chronic aggravation of diseases, maintaining remission, treating specific complications, and reducing the toxic effects. Several drugs are inappropriate for long-term therapy due to high toxicity levels and the inability to maintain remission of the therapy. An inflammatory bowel disease is a group of idiopathic, chronic, and pathological conditions which pursue protracted relapsing and remitting course cause prolonged inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bleeding, anemia, and weight loss due to dysregulated immune response. Several drugs have been come to the market to treat inflammatory bowel disease, but they are not potential to the patient due to their higher toxicity rate and low therapeutic activity. Ozanimod is an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective oral selective modulator of sphingosine-1-phosphate selectively targeting inflammatory bowel disease like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease and is also involved in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. There is no serious adverse effect, as well as adverse events such as cardiac events, serious infections, or macular edema, was found in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The conventional drug delivery of ozanimod has severe adverse effects, which can be reduced by nanocarrier and stability and bioavailability can be enhanced. This review discusses the Pharmacological and therapeutical insight of Ozanimod for targeting inflammatory bowel diseases like Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease as well as Multiple Sclerosis and the importance of nanocarriers for Ozanimod to target the colon region and recent advancement technology introduced to Ozanimod.

The suitability of different printing processes for the direct or indirect printing of microneedle arrays, as well as the modification of their surface with drug-containing coatings, has been investigated. 3D printing refers to a group of technologies that use numerically controlled apparatus to create a physical object from a virtual representation. The transdermal route has been introduced as an alternative to the bolus system. The skin is also identified to pose a barrier to permit molecules. The loss that occurred is compensated by transdermal delivery. 3D printing has several advantages in terms of waste reduction, design flexibility, and lowering the high cost. The compatibility of 3D printing techniques with printed medicine products is a factor in their selection. The variety of printable materials that are presently being used or could be utilized for 3D printing of transdermal drug delivery (TDD) devices. 3D printing has the potential to change today's "one size fits all" production and be used across the medication development process. 3D printing technology in the field of transdermal drug development as the system can be advanced in such as way that concentration can be increased or decreased with various drugs used in the printed featuring layers to enhancement of therapeutic efficacy. The impact and limitations of using 3D printing as a production process for transdermal drug delivery devices are required to be evaluated. This review discusses the present and future overlook of 3D printing technology of transdermal drug delivery systems and some advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing technology over conventional drug delivery approach.

Drug delivery to the colonic region refers to the drug that should have to released in the colonic environment instead of released in the upper gastrointestinal tract. To reach the site-specificity of the local treatment of the colon such as amoebiasis, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease the target-specific drug delivery played an important role. To the establishment of the target-specific drug delivery to the colon, the various approach that has been explored include pH-dependent polymer, time-dependent, and bacteria-dependent drug delivery approach. Nanotechnology has been gaining much more interest due to target specificity and enhancement of bioavailability and high loading capacity. In this review, oral nanoparticle formulation for colon targeting specifically inflammatory bowel disease and suitable drugs for useful treatment and future aspects of nanoparticle formulation with particular approaches to enhancement of drug stability in the gastric environment have been covered.