Latar belakang. Risiko terjadinya potensi interaksi obat dengan obat (PIOO) pada pasien leukemia akut akibat pemberian terapi multidrug cukup tinggi. Tujuan. Mengetahui angka kejadian dan faktor yang memengaruhi PIOO pada subjek penelitian. Metode. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap pasien leukemia akut pada anak yang menjalani rawat inap di RSCM pada Januari -Desember 2014. Identifikasi PIOO dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Micromedex Drug Reax®. Hasil. Didapat 96 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Subjek berpotensi mengalami PIOO 41,6% dengan tingkat keparahan kontraindikasi (4,70%), berat (60,70%), dan sedang (34,60%). Jenis PIOO paling sering adalah deksametason dan flukonazol yang berpotensi meningkatkan paparan glukokortikoid. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada faktor usia (p=0,037), lama hari rawat (p=0,000), dan rerata jumlah obat (p=0,000), sedangkan komorbiditas tidak menunjukkan perbedaan (p=0,082). Kesimpulan. Angka kejadian PIOO pasien leukemia akut pada anak yang menjalani rawat inap di RSCM adalah 41,6%. Faktor usia, lama hari rawat, dan rerata jumlah obat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kejadian PIOO dengan nilai OR 1,8 terhadap pasien berusia >7 tahun, 6,3 terhadap pasien dengan lama hari rawat >7 hari, dan 5,3 terhadap pasien dengan rerata pemberian >4 obat per hari. Sari Pediatri 2016;18(2):129-36Kata kunci: kemoterapi, interaksi obat, leukemia akut, micromedex, pediatrik. Figures Genesis and Factors of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Pediatric Inpatient with Acute LeukemiaSri Wulandah Fitriani, Rina Mutiara, Amarila Malik, Murti Andriastuti Background. Risk of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) in patients with acute leukemia due to administration of multidrug therapy is quite high, and studies in pediatric patients have not been done before. Objectives. To determine the incidence and factors that affect pDDIs. Methods. A cross-sectional study design with the subjects of pediatric inpatient with acute leukemia in RSCM from January to December 2014. Data obtained through the electronic prescription retrospectively. PDDIs were identified by Micromedex Drug Reax® software. Results. Ninety six pediatric inpatient fulfilled the criteria. PDDIs were identified in 41,6% samples with the severity of contraindications (4,70%), major (60,70%), and moderate (34,60%). The most frequent pDDIs involved dexamethasone and fluconazole that potentially increased glucocorticoid exposure. There are significant differences in the factor of age (p=0.037), length of stay (LOS) (p=0.000), and the mean number of medications (p=0.000), while comorbidity showed no significant difference (p=0.082). Conclusions. Incidence rates of pDDIs in pediatric inpatient with acute leukemia in RSCM is 41.6%. Age, LOS, and the mean number of medications have significant differences on the incidence of pDDIs with OR 1.8 for the patients aged >7 years, 6.3 for the patients with LOS >7 days, and 5.3 of the patients with >4 drugs given per day. Sa...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV -2) adalah infeksi virus baru yang pertama kali dilaporkan di Kota Wuhan, Tiongkok Tengah. Penyebaran virus ini semakin meningkat dan telah menyebar hampir ke seluruh Negara di dunia sehingga World Health Organization (WHO) mengumumkannya sebagai pandemi. Hingga saat ini, masih belum ditemukan obat antivirus khusus untuk penyakit ini dan penatalaksanaannya masih berupa terapi simptomatik dan suportif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa profil penggunaan obat pada pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian non-eksperimental ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan beberapa kriteria yaitu rekam medis pasien COVID-19 rawat inap dan tanpa komorbid, yang mana telah dilakukan secara retrospektif pada periode 1–31 Januari 2021. Dari 146 sampel, diperoleh 12 sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, laki laki lebih banyak terinfeksi COVID-19 yaitu (58,33%). Berdasarkan usia, paling banyak terjadi pada rentang usia 31-40 tahun (41,67%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien mendominasi berada pada parameter gejala klinis kategori ringan (75%). Urutan terbanyak penggunaan obat adalah suplemen dan vitamin (49,35%), antibiotik (9,47%) dan antivirus (7,15%). Oleh karen itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis kelamin dan usia sangat mempengaruhi tingkat keparahan penyakit COVID-19 dan berpengaruh pada penggunaan obat untuk penyembuhan, gejala klinis yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah kategori ringan sehingga penggunaan obat terbanyak adalah golongan suplemen dan vitamin. Kata Kunci: Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Pola, Pengobatan Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new viral infection that was first reported in Wuhan City, Central China. The spread of this virus is increasing and has spread to almost all countries in the world so that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic. Until now, there is still no specific antiviral drug for this disease and its management is still in the form of symptomatic and supportive therapy. This study aims to determine the profile of drug use in COVID-19 patients at the Banjarmasin Ulin Regional General Hospital. This non-experimental study used a purposive sampling method with several criteria, namely medical records of inpatients of COVID-19 patients and without comorbidities, which were carried out retrospectively in the period 1–31 January 2021. From 146 samples, 12 samples were obtained that matched the criteria. . Based on gender, men were more infected with COVID-19, namely (58.33%). Based on age, most occurred in the age range of 31-40 years (41.67%). Based on clinical symptoms more mild category (75%). The highest use of drugs is the first group of supplements and vitamins (49.35%), secondly, the antibiotic group (9.47%) and thirdly, the antiviral group (7.15%). Gender and age greatly affect the severity of COVID-19 disease and affect the use of drugs for healing, the most common clinical symptoms are in the mild category so that the most drug use is in the supplement and vitamin group.
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