All-optical logic gates have proven their significance in the digital world using which all high-speed computations are calculated. In this paper, we have proposed a novel structure for all-optical AND using the concept of power combiner using Y-shaped metal-insulator-metal waveguide under the footprints of 4 µ𝑚 × 7 µ𝑚. This design works under the principle of linear interference. The insertion loss and extinction ratio of the design are given by 0.165 dB and 14.11 dB, respectively. The analysis of the design is carried out by finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) method and verified using MATLAB. This minimized structure can be used to design any complex logic circuits to achieve better performance in future.

Objectives:The main objective of this article is to present a novel corner defected ultra wideband (UWB-3.1 to 10.6 GHz) rectangular patch with a partial ground plane to enhance the bandwidth with multi-resonance characteristics. By defecting the corners, the original rectangle patch will be converted into defected shape of proposed one to satisfy the objective. Methods: A FR-4 substrate with height (h) of 1.6 mm, dielectric constant (ε r ) of 4.3 and the loss tangent of 0.025 was used to develop the required antenna. The antenna was excited by a 50 Ohm microstrip line. This antenna was designed, simulated and analyzed by using MS-CST (Microwave Studio -Computer Simulation Technology) to attain the outcomes such as return loss (S11< -10 dB), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR < 2), improved gain, Omni-directional radiation patterns, and enhanced bandwidth. Findings: It exhibits a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 152.9 % between 2 GHz and 15 GHz. The antenna resonates at multiple frequencies owing to truncation of corners and produces resonant frequencies of 3.87 GHz and 11.36 GHz with the corresponding return losses of -26.03 dB and -34.87 dB respectively in the simulation point of view. The antenna was fabricated and tested. The measured and simulated results of the desired antenna were compared, and they show good agreement. Applications: The proposed antenna is suitable for UWB, WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), C and X -band communications.