Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death requiring more efficient diagnostic tools for proper and early diagnosis of lung cancer. Common mutations are tested for in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with the most common ones being epidermal growth factor receptor and thyroid transcription factor-1 for adenocarcinoma. Testing for these mutations is important in planning the proper course of treatment. Previously mediastinoscopy, was the gold standard to extract adequate samples for molecular testing, however, this procedure has a low sensitivity and complications associated with it. Newer approaches to diagnosis of lung cancer include endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy. Endobronchial ultrasound is a real-time technique that allows for visualization of the sample and the needle using an ultrasound. From commuted tomography scans taken of the chest, electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy constructs a 3-dimensional image of the lungs with a highlighted navigation to the tumor. In reviewing numerous papers, it was seen that the use of these techniques for sample collection provides a high percentage of sample adequacy with increased sensitivity and specificity. The use of these techniques is becoming invaluable in properly diagnosing and staging lung cancers with minimal complications.