Sorghum beer residue (SBR), a by-product of local brewery was purchased dried, supplemented with urea and methionine at concentrations ratio of 1.5: 0.37 %. It was inoculated with rumen liquor of cow and subjected to four days fermentation in a 5ft deep pit. After 4days fermentation, the urea plus methionine supplemented and fermented sorghum beer residue (RSBR) was sundried for 7days on concrete floor and samples taken for the determination of amino acid composition. The amino acid profile of RSBR sample revealed the availability of all essential amino acids except tryptophan (alanine, arginine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine) in the sample. The amino acid profile of RSBR were higher than those of SBR, Groundnut cake (GNC), Soya bean cake (SBC), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and other Animal Feed Standards (AFS). The superiority of essential amino acids in RSBR sample is an indication that it can serve as protein sources in place of conventional plant protein sources.

Growth and nutrient studies was carried out on Clarias gariepinus Juveniles of mean weight 7.00-8.00g stocked into rectangular plastic aquarium tanks 30cm x 15cm for 120 days fed with differently processed soya bean meal. There were eight treatments labeled as diet T 1 -T 8 , diet T 1 (control diet; contains no soybean meal but has fishmeal as the protein source); diet T 2 (Conventional diet; purchased commercially); diet T 3 (contains a partial replacement of fishmeal with raw soybean meal at 66.7 replacement) diet T 4 (has 100% of raw soybean meal inclusion), diet T 5 (66.7% toasted soybean inclusion); diet T 6 (100% toasted soybean inclusion); diet T 7 (100% raw soybean with methionine and lysine); diet T 8 (100% toasted soybean with methionine and lysine). The diets were formulated at 40% crude protein containing soya bean meal at different inclusion rates; the toasted soya bean was toasted at 100 o C for 10 minutes using an oven and then milled into a fine powder before being mixed with other ingredients. Results showed that the highest average weight gain of 432.55g, specific growth rate (SGR) of 3.38% and food conversion ratio (FCR) of 5.78 of the formulated diets respectively were recorded in fish fed with diet T 5 (toasted soyabean meal) P<0.05. The Juveniles fed raw soybean gave the least growth performance (Diet T 3 ) and (Diet T 4 ) P>0.05. this relative lower growth performance of the fish might be attributed to the presence of higher levels of anti-nutritional factors present in soybeans for example trypsin inhibitors and phytic acid which may interfere with the availability of nutrients to the fish; from the result It could be concluded in practice that toasted soybean based diet is optimal for growth of Clarias gariepinus Juvenile. Mortality rates recorded during the dietary trial ranged between 30% in fish fed diet T 8 to 100% in the remaining diets. The results were discussed in relation to fish feed production and its implication for fish culture intensification in Nigeria and it is recommended that toasted soya bean should be embraced as the most preferred treatment for the soyabean used in fish feed

Four (4) samples of Spent Sorghum mash (SSM) with substrate to inoculums concentration of 10:1(w/w) were supplemented with 0.29, 0.33, 0.37, and 0.41% levels of methionine on dry matter(DM) basis. The same quantity of samples were compacted in four (4) jam bottles of equal volume to achieve anaerobic condition as much as possible and allowed to ferment for 4 days. The re-fermented spent sorghum mash (RSSM) samples were sun-dried for 3 days and subjected to analyses for proximate nutrient and amino acid compositions respectively.The DM% composition of SSM sample was significantly (P<0.05) higher than samples on 0.29, 0.33 and 0.39% methionine treatments. The crude Protein content of all samples on 0.29, 0.33, 0.39 and 0.41% methionine treatment did not differ significantly (P>0.05) but were significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control. The CP% was observed to increase linearly with increase in the levels of methionine supplementation. The CF% composition of sample on control were similar to that on 0.29% methionine treatment but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that on 0.33, 0.37, and 0.41% methionine treatments. The RSSM sample showed the availability of all essential amino acids except tryptophan (alanine, arginine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine). The results of this study indicates increase in quantity of protein and the availability of essential amino acids after second stage fermentation of spent sorghum mash with methionine supplementation and can therefore be used in rations for non-ruminant animals in place of expensive conventional plant protein sources.