In Russia, food security is ensured by sustainable development of domestic agriculture and related industries. Arable lands, the key agricultural resource in Russia, account for about 9% of the world's total. This study investigates changes in public policy related to agricultural lands in post-Soviet period, namely, arguments for land redistribution; privatization that covered over 60% of agricultural lands and resulted in appearance of land shares owned by about 12 million rural citizens barely understanding what to do with their land shares; post-privatization issues and problems concerned with the involvement of agricultural and other lands in economic activity; implementation of public economic policy measures aimed to resolve the above-mentioned issues (transfer of unclaimed land shares to municipalities); current transformation of ownership structure of agricultural lands; specifics of demarcation of un-privatized lands between federal, regional, and local authorities.

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The article is considering the development of the legislation regulating the turnover of agricultural lands in post-Soviet Russia. Such legislation is very peculiar, taking into account the complete ban of the civil turnover of land plots in the Soviet period and the lack of legal regulation of this problem in the active phase of the land reform (the middle and the second of the half 1990 years). The author used abstract-logical, comparative-legal, formal-legal and historical methods. The article highlights the stages in the development of legislation, their peculiarities, as well as the main tasks at these stages. Also the different sectors of modern domestic agricultural land use were revealed and the main differences in their legal regime were investigated. The main attention is paid to the Federal law “On turnover of agricultural lands” (2002), the conditions in which it was enacted, and its subsequent adjustments. The general conclusion is that the legislation which is regulating the turnover of agricultural lands, despite the its high dynamism and excessive politicization, turned out to be more stable than the other parts in the land policy of the state and the laws which define of such policy. The nearest prospect of the development of the legal mechanism for regulating the turnover of agricultural lands was reviewed. Also this article analyzes key factors which are affecting on this prospect.

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The textbook describes the essence of the legal regime of lands and the ways to ensure its observance by the participants of land legal relations. The general characteristics of land plots and the land fund as a whole are given, its composition is considered (by target categories, land and forms of ownership). The features of the legal regime of all seven target categories of land provided for by the current legislation, as well as the main tools for its provision are disclosed: land supervision and land control, monitoring of the use and condition of land, their transfer to another category, etc. Attention is paid to bringing to responsibility for non-compliance with the legal regime established for lands and land plots. In addition, an overview of domestic (pre-revolutionary, Soviet, early post-Soviet) and modern foreign experience in determining the legal regime of lands is provided. The study of the presented material will allow you to master the competencies provided for by the relevant educational standard and form a systematic perception of the legal regime of lands established in accordance with the legislation and the ways of its regulation among students. Complies with the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation. For students of secondary vocational education institutions studying in the specialty 21.02.04 "Land management".