<p xss=removed>Marketing w ogólnym ujęciu oznacza sposób podejścia do biznesu, zaś w ujęciu funkcjonalnym polega na identyfikowaniu potrzeb klienta, a następnie określeniu, którą z nich w jak najwyższym stopniu zaspokoić poprzez wytworzenie i zaproponowanie odpowiednich produktów bądź usług. Do realizacji tych działań służy zbiór instrumentów marketingowych. W związku z tym przedsiębiorstwa podejmują działania marketingowe ukierunkowane na rynek docelowy, przede wszystkim mając na uwadze dobro klienta. Choć nakłady na cele marketingowe są ogromne, to organizacje decydują się na te koszty w trosce o zaspokojenie potrzeb konsumenta oraz pozyskanie przewagi konkurencyjnej. Klient dziś zna swoją wartość, dlatego zwraca uwagę na wszystkie aspekty nabywanych produktów (marek) i oczekuje, iż zarówno cena, jak i jakość będą go satysfakcjonowały, mając świadomość tego, że i on stanowi wartość dla producenta. Ostatnie wydarzenia związane z pojawieniem się koronawirusa doprowadziły do zamrożenia światowej gospodarki, a dotychczasowe standardy jakości naszego życia, a co za tym idzie zachowania konsumenckie, musiały ulec zmianie. W artykule autor stara się pokazać na przykładzie marketingu jako procesu tworzenia wartości, jak obecna sytuacja przewartościowuje dotychczasowe priorytety na konsumpcyjnym rynku i zmienia nas nabywców w sferze mentalnej. Autor stawia tezę, iż<a name="_Hlk47872971" xss=removed> wiele obserwowanych w trakcie pandemii COVID-19 zmian w zachowaniach konsumentów będzie miało charakter trwały i w rezultacie spowoduje głębokie i długookresowe zmiany w strategiach marketingowych przedsiębiorstw.</a><br></p>

The progressing globalization processes and new technological solutions require the organiza- tion to constantly adapt to changes taking place in the environment. More and more compa- nies implement process management, both at the strategic and operational levels, considering the project and knowledge perspective. The article aims to show the usefulness of building the concept of integrated process management, based on the triad: processes, projects, knowl- edge in modern enterprises. The following research methods and techniques were used in the article: analysis of the literature on the subject, comparative analysis of the results of research carried out in the world, and the effects of own research carried out in Poland. The research has shown that usefulness of integrated business process management is ensured by the coordina- tion of processes and links with strategic and operational assumptions, synergies of processes, projects, and knowledge. Such a solution can help the organization and transformation pro- cesses in the effective implementation of the strategy.

This paper, based on the experience of Poland, commences the scientific discussion on regulatory, organizational, methodological, and didactic support for the formation of cross-cultural competences of future marketers in Ukraine. The study aims to develop proposals for mastering cross-cultural competences by Ukrainian undergraduate and graduate students, which is an essential component of forming an innovative profile of marketers and strengthening their competitiveness in domestic and foreign labor markets. The authors' contribution to the development of the problem is to substantiate the definition of „marketing profile” and develop clear proposals to shape its innovation. The basis of this contribution is the scientific novelty of the presented study. It consists of generalizing the experience of teaching marketing and management disciplines by Ukrainian specialists under the Visiting Professor Program in Poland and the experience of implementing joint Ukrainian-Polish and Ukrainian-German projects. The study of the formation of cross-cultural competences is carried out in the following logical sequence: the essence of the relevant educational and qualification requirements is considered; the principles of European experience in the formation of such competences are highlighted on the example of Poland; proposals on improvement in the educational standards of Ukraine so as to solve the researched problems are substantiated.

This research is a quantitative study which aims to examine the level of corruption in the Indo- nesian local government with its influencing determinants, namely fiscal decentralization, gov- ernment internal audit, and law enforcement and natural resources as moderating variables. The population in this study is the district and city governments in Indonesia. The sample in this study consisted of 81 district governments and 33 city governments based on the purposive sampling method with the criteria of district and city governments having permanent legal force corruption cases in 2019. Testing the hypothesis in this study using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the SPSS Version 24 program. The results showed that fiscal decentralization had a significant effect on the level of corruption, government internal audit and law enforcement had no significant ef- fect on the level of corruption, natural resources had a significant effect on moderating the effect of fiscal decentralization on the level of corruption. This research was conducted to examine and analyze the factors that can influence the level of corruption in local governments. In addition, with this research, it can be seen how local governments carry out their government affairs and the role of local governments in suppressing the level of corruption.