Ewing sarcoma is the second most frequent primary bone tumor in children. The authors present the case of a 15-year-old girl with Ewing sarcoma situated in the right iliac ala. During chemotherapy, dynamic scintigraphy was performed with the use of Tc99m DTPA to evaluate kidney function. Intensive, unusual accumulation of the radiotracer outside the urinary system around the tumor was seen during examination.

SummaryBackgroundCongenital vascular malformations are tumour-like, non-neoplastic lesions caused by disorders of vascular tissue morphogenesis. They are characterised by a normal cell replacement cycle throughout all growth phases and do not undergo spontaneous involution.Here we present a scintigraphic image of familial congenital vascular malformations in two sisters.Material/MethodsA 17-years-old young woman with a history of multiple hospitalisations for foci of vascular anomalies appearing progressively in the upper and lower right limbs, chest wall and spleen. A Parkes Weber syndrome was diagnosed based on the clinical picture. Due to the occurrence of new foci of malformations, a whole-body scintigraphic examination was performed.A 12-years-old girl reported a lump in the right lower limb present for approximately 2 years, which was clinically identified as a vascular lesion in the area of calcaneus and talus. Phleboscintigraphy visualized normal radiomarker outflow from the feet via the deep venous system, also observed in the superficial venous system once the tourniquets were released. In static and whole-body examinations vascular malformations were visualised in the area of the medial cuneiform, navicular and talus bones of the left foot, as well as in the projection of right calcaneus and above the right talocrural joint.ConclusionsPeople with undiagnosed disorders related to the presence of vascular malformations should undergo periodic follow-up to identify lesions that may be the cause of potentially serious complications and to assess the results of treatment. Presented scintigraphic methods may be used for both diagnosing and monitoring of disease progression.

Modern nuclear medicine frequently needs to be supported by software for calculations. A self-designed free-accessible online tool named "Calculator" is presented. It can be used from the web-site www.nuk.bieganski.org, option "Calculator". The programs offer: calculations of quantity of a radionuclide after a time (equation of simple radioactive decay), quantity of the second and third nuclide in the decay chain (successive radioactive decay, computation with Bateman equations and their limits), converting of activity units as well as of activity of a radioactive substance into its mass and vice versa, and calculations related to radionuclide therapy (radionuclide uptake, effective half time and activity needed for therapy). Mathematical and historical backgrounds of the algorithms used are shortly discussed in this work.

Enhanced accumulation of the radiotracer at superior lateral orbital margin is a common finding in bone scintigraphy. Its possible sources are discussed and illustrated with examples from own archive of the authors as well as from the literature. These sources include: Physiologically enhanced bone metabolism at frontozygomatic suture (normal variant), a metastasis at this suture (illustrated with an example of solitary metastasis from prostate cancer), lesions to the zygomatic bone or the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, deepened fossa for lacrimal gland and the gland itself.