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Livestock production is a very relevant source of income and agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Colombia,

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Summary• The predictive capacity of two simulation models with different degrees of complexity for the calculation of assimilate production, was tested at different time scales, using a data set of wheat grown in an open-top-chamber experiment at two CO 2 concentrations.• Observed values of net canopy assimilation (Pn) were obtained from wheat plants grown at ambient (410 µ mol mol − 1 ) and elevated (680 µ mol mol − 1 ) CO 2 mole fractions. Pn was simulated by using either simple multiple regression equations (AFRCWHEAT2) or by highly detailed calculations of leaf energy balances and the coupling of photosynthesis with stomatal conductance ( LINTULCC2).• Irrespective of the developmental stage of the crop or variation in weather, the models accurately simulated canopy assimilation and growth. We conclude that the response of aboveground-biomass production to elevated CO 2 concentrations was explained primarily by the effects of CO 2 on radiation-use efficiency and assimilate production.• The models explained satisfactorily the daily course of Pn, its integrated daily totals, and the seasonally produced aboveground biomass, both at ambient and elevated CO 2 concentrations. Specific problems in the simulations were identified and discussed.

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