Infusion of approximately 30 ml x kg(-1) x h(-1) saline during anesthesia and surgery inevitably leads to metabolic acidosis, which is not observed after administration of lactated Ringer's solution. The acidosis is associated with hyperchloremia.

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ANH with 5% albumin or 6% hydroxyethyl starch solutions led to metabolic acidosis. A dilution of extracellular bicarbonate or changes in strong ion difference and albumin concentration offer explanations for this type of acidosis.

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