The German Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung (DFS) is operating a surveillance infrastructure mainly based on radars and multilateration systems, which provides surveillance information and receives aircraft derived data. The implementation and use of the new surveillance technology Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) has to provide benefits in terms of safety, performance or costs. DFS operations require a permanent double surveillance coverage for the area of responsibility. This requirement actually means triple surveillance coverage (in order to provide a seamless service also in case of system outages or planned down times). DFS is implementing ADS-B as the third surveillance layer to reduce costs. Each surveillance layer has to fulfil the performance and safety requirements independently. The fulfilment of safety requirements, integrity and continuity, will require validation of the passively received ADS-B information.Data integrity and continuity need to be considered w.r.t. safety requirements, but may also have to address security. The integrity of ADS-B data can be ensured either by comparison with data from other surveillance sensors (dependent validation) or by analyzing the properties of the data itself (independent validation). The independent validation of the ADS-B data is a necessary prerequisite for providing a self-contained independent surveillance layer using the ADS-B technology. In a first step, DFS will implement ADS-B as a dependent layer: (1) for validation of the assumption on surveillance performance, (2) to gain experience on data integrity and data continuity, (3) to prepare possible mitigations e.g. against spoofing or jamming and (4) to recognize potential shortcomings in the airborne installations and identify possible mitigations. This first step will support necessary developments (e.g. ADS-B Validation Unit) to move with ADS-B towards the use as an independent surveillance layer reducing infrastructure costs and improve radio spectrum protection.

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