A proposta deste estudo bibliográfico foi reconhecer exemplos das relações da Química com a qualidade de vida e o meio ambiente, na procura de consonâncias com as orientações promulgadas na atual Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) para a organização do currículo. Em seguida, procurou-se identificar quais as propostas dos autores para que um professor de química/ciências possa trazer aproximações com os princípios do enfoque Ciência–Tecnologia–Sociedade (CTS) em suas práticas de sala de aula, tendo como temas principais a produção de álcool, alimentos e fármacos. Por fim, verificou-se que em todos os textos analisados, apesar de propostas contextualizadas para um envolvimento crítico dos estudantes, o que se prioriza é a aprendizagem de conceitos disciplinares da Química Orgânica e Química Inorgânica. Reconheceu-se a importância de se potencializar o enfoque CTS, trazido nos temas com questões sociocientíficas (QSC), em situações de atualização curricular, de forma que os estudantes sejam motivados para uma evolução não apenas cognitiva, mas para ações vividas no cotidiano.
The present work aims to present a narrative review of the Epistemologies of the North and the Epistemologies of the South, referring to the authorship of the discovery of the electric cell, based on the proposals presented by the Portuguese sociologist Boaventura de Sousa Santos in his text entitled “A discourse on the sciences in the transition to a postmodern science ”(Santos, 1988) and in his video discourse posted on the YouTube website (Santos, 2016). As a starting point for these notes by Boaventura Santos, it is clear that the dominant Northern Epistemology does not allow Southern Epistemology to stand out and materialize. To corroborate this statement, we present academic and scientific works that value only Northern Epistemology, denying the existence of Southern Epistemology, as well as works that present the existence of Southern Epistemology without giving its real value, and finally, a work that presents the Epistemology of the South as something concretized and with scientific evidence. The review found that the reflection and discussion of existing knowledge in Southern Epistemologies can contribute to Science Education that focuses on the formation of more reflective citizens, with more active attitudes in society, and actively contribute to social transformation, so that Epistemologies of the South are featured in teaching practices carried out in Brazilian classrooms.
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