Αιτιώδεις διαδροµές της διαγενεακής µεταβίβασης της φτώχειας σε επιλεγµένες χώρες της ΕΕ Στέφανος Παπαναστασίου, ∆ηµοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήµιο Θράκης Χρίστος Παπαθεοδώρου, Πάντειο Πανεπιστήµιο ΠΕΡIΛΗΨΗ Το άρθρο διερευνά εάν, µε ποιο τρόπο και σε ποιο βαθµό η οικογένεια προέλευσης επηρεάζει τον κίνδυ-νο φτώχειας των απογόνων σε επιλεγµένες χώρες της ΕΕ που αντιπροσωπεύουν διαφορετικά συστήµατα κοινωνικής προστασίας. Κάνοντας χρήση logit µοντέ-λων και αξιοποιώντας µικροδεδοµένα από την EU-SILC, η ανάλυση αναδεικνύει τη σηµασία της κοινω-νικής προστασίας για την αναχαίτιση της διαγενεακής µεταβίβασης της φτώχειας. Η ∆ανία µε το σοσιαλδηµο-κρατικό κράτος πρόνοιας είναι η πιο επιτυχηµένη στην άµβλυνση της επίδρασης της οικογένειας προέλευσης στον κίνδυνο φτώχειας των παιδιών, ακολουθούµενη από την Γαλλία που αντιπροσωπεύει το συντηρητικό-κορπορατιστικό καθεστώς ευηµερίας. Λιγότερο αποτε-λεσµατικές σε αυτό το ζήτηµα εµφανίζονται η Ελλάδα και η Μεγάλη Βρετανία που αντιπροσωπεύουν το νοτι-οευρωπαϊκό και το φιλελεύθερο σύστηµα κοινωνικής προστασίας αντίστοιχα. ΛΕΞΕΙΣ-ΚΛΕΙ∆ΙΑ:Φτώχεια, διαγενεακή κινητικό-τητα, διαγενεακή µεταβίβαση φτώχειας, γονεϊκό υπόβαθρο, κοινωνική προστασία, καθεστώτα ευ-ηµερίας, ΕΕ. ABSTRACT The paper investigates whether, in what wayand to what extent the family of origin affects offspring's poverty risk in selected EU countries representing different social protection systems. Employing logit models and utilizing EU-SILC data, the analysis brings to the forefront the importance of social protection for intercepting the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Denmark with the socialdemocratic welfare state is the most successful in mitigating the effect of the family of origin on offspring's poverty risk, followed by France representing the conservative-corporatist welfare regime. Less effective οn this matter appear to be Greece and Great Britain representing the south-European and the liberal social protection system respectively.
This study investigated causal mechanisms of poverty reproduction in EU countries by placing emphasis on the parental background effect on sons’ poverty risk after having controlled for endogeneity among observable and non‐observable effects of the involved mechanisms. The countries under investigation were old EU member states representing the four welfare regimes in the EU. Having employed path models and utilised EU‐SILC 2005 data, the analysis yielded no statistically significant direct effect of parental background on sons’ poverty risk in Denmark. Greece, however, exhibited a statistically significant and quite strong direct effect. Germany and the United Kingdom stood in‐between. Moreover, the analysis found indirect channels through which the parental background affects sons’ poverty risk. These findings are expected to enrich the academic discourse and inform the policy‐making process on poverty reproduction and social protection in the EU.
This paper investigates the intergenerational persistence in the occupational status across the four EU welfare regimes. Utilizing EU-SILC 2005 microdata through multinomial logit models, the paper brings to the forefront the performance of different social protection systems vis-à-vis intergenerational occupational persistence. The countries of the Liberal welfare regime exhibit the highest persistence and those of the Social-democratic welfare regime the lowest one, while the countries of the Conservative-Corporatist and the South-European welfare cluster place themselves somewhere in between. These findings imply a success-story in intercepting the intergenerational persistence in occupations by the regulatory and redistributive mechanisms of the Social-democratic welfare state. Key ΠερίληψηTo άρθρο αυτό διερευνά τη διαγενεακή συσχέτιση του επαγγελματικού στάτους στο πλαίσιο των τεσσάρων καθεστώτων ευημερίας στην ΕΕ. Αξιοποιώντας μικροδεδομένα της EU-SILC 2005 μέσω πολυωνυμικών μοντέλων logit, το άρθρο αναδεικνύει την επίδοση διαφορετικών συστημά-των κοινωνικής προστασίας απέναντι στη διαγενεακή επαγγελματική στασιμότητα. Οι χώρες του φιλελεύθερου καθεστώτος ευημερίας επιδεικνύουν την υψηλότερη στασιμότητα και εκείνες του σοσιαλδημοκρατικού καθεστώτος ευημερίας τη χαμηλότερη, ενώ οι χώρες του συντηρητικού-κορπορατιστικού και του νοτιοευρωπαϊκού καθεστώτος ευημερίας βρίσκονται κάπου ενδιάμεσα.
By utilizing EU-SILC 2011 microdata and employing regression techniques in four EU welfare states (i.e., Greece, France, Ireland and Sweden), this paper demonstrates the diminishing education effect on income attainments between two generations. This finding puts into doubt the main argument of the mainstream academic and political discourse over the prominent role of education for income acquisition. Instead, this paper stresses the importance of other factors explainingincome attainments, such as social interconnectivity. The latter can produce or reproduce inequality as long as people gain accessto powerful positions through the usage of social connections. Thus, the upper social classes with extended social networking preserve their social privileges across generations despite the argument that the contemporary society boasts high social mobility attained through formal education.
This chapter offers an empirical exploration of extreme poverty trends and patterns in the EU from a welfare regime perspective. Extreme poverty is operationalized as severe material deprivation, that is, the enforced inability to pay for a certain amount of goods and services. The empirical findings indicate that extreme poverty is low in the countries of the Social-democratic welfare regime and high in the countries of the South-European and the Liberal regime, whereas the countries of the Conservative-Corporatist welfare regime place themselves in-between.
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