Health-care providers' beliefs about childhood cancer treatment are characterized by much uncertainty and contradiction. This likely affects adherence of health-care providers, parents, and childhood cancer treatment outcome.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15 (8), 3593-3599 IntroductionChildhood cancer survival is lower in low-income countries (<35%) than in high-income countries (80%) (Mostert et al., 2011;Rohani-Rasaf et al., 2012). Several factors contribute to this discrepancy: death from toxicity, relapse and non-adherence. Treatment abandonment, a severe form of non-adherence and seldom seen in high-income countries, is the most prominent factor. Recently, various studies indicated that nonadherence and abandonment are not merely caused by socio-economic hardships, but also by psychological aspects and side-effects of chemotherapy (Yeh et al., 1999;De Oliveira et al., 2005;Bonilla et al., 2009;Sitaresmi et al., 2010;Wang et al., 2011).Chemotherapy-related side-effects may deteriorate the child's quality of life and hinder families' acceptance and adherence with prescribed medication (Yeh et al.,1999;
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy diagnosed in children. Study of malnutrition prevalence in children with cancer is determined by nutritional status in the early diagnosis. This is important because it can affect patient’s progress before the treatment begins. This study aimed to determine the nutritional status alteration in children with ALL during treatment. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cohort-restrospective design in ALL patients during treatment at Pediatric Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during period January 2006 to August 2013. Data were obtained from medical records of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. There were 31 respondents suffered from ALL at the age of 1 to 11 years old; males were more frquent than females. There were 17 respondents at standard risk while 14 respondents were at high risk. The results result of paired t-test showed that t-value < table value. Conclusion: There was a significant increase of nutritional status in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during treatment Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, standard risk, high risk, nutritional status Abstrak: Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) merupakan keganasan yang paling sering didiagnosis pada anak-anak. Studi prevalensi malnutrisi pada anak-anak dengan kanker ditentukan oleh status gizi pada awal diagnosis. Hal ini penting karena dapat berpengaruh pada perkembangan pasien sebelum pengobatan dimulai. Penelitina ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan status gizi pada anak dengan LLA selama pengobatan. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif analitik dengan metode studi kohort-retrospektif terhadap pasien LLA selama pengobatan di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama periode Januari 2006 – Agustus 2013. Sumber data didapatkan dari rekam medik di RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Didapatkan 31 sampel yang menderita LLA pada usia 1-11 tahun, laki-laki lebih banyak menderita LLA. Terdapat 17 sampel dengan risiko standar dan 14 sampel dengan risiko tinggi. Hasil analisis t-berpasangan menunjukan nilai t-hitung<nilai tabel. Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan status gizi secara bermakna pada anak dengan leukemia limfoblastik akut selama pengobatan.Kata kunci: leukemia limfoblastik akut, risiko standar, risiko tinggi, status gizi
Latar belakang. Insiden sepsis neonatorum masih tinggi, oleh karena itu diperlukan perhatian khusus padadeteksi dini untuk tata laksana lebih dini.Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor risiko potensial yang menyebabkan sepsis awitan dini.Metode. Studi retrospektif kohort dilaksanakan pada Bagian Neonatologi RS Prof DR RD Kandou daribulan Januari - Juli 2009. Kriteria inklusi adalah bayi yang dilahirkan di RS Prof. R.D. Kandou yang memilikifaktor risiko sepsis. Faktor risiko sepsis apabila terdapat dua faktor risiko mayor atau satu faktor risikomayor dengan dua faktor risiko minor. Diagnosis sepsis ditegakkan berdasarkan adanya gejala klinis danfaktor risiko sepsis serta pemeriksaan laboratorium. Data dievaluasi dengan Pearson chi-square dan Fisher’sexact test, dianalisis dengan SPSS 17. Dikatakan berhubungan signifikan antara faktor risiko dengan sepsisbila p<0,05.Hasil. Dari 72 kasus bayi dengan faktor risiko sepsis, 58 bayi didiagnosis sepsis. Hanya ketuban pecah dini>18 jam yang merupakan salah satu faktor risiko mayor berhubungan signifikan dengan sepsis (p=0,002,IK95% 1,2 4;1,59). Faktor risiko mayor lain yaitu demam intrapartum >38oC, korioamnionitis, ketubanberbau, denyut jantung janin >160x/menit dan faktor risiko minor yang meliputi ketuban pecah dini >12jam, demam intrapartum >37,50C, skor APGAR rendah, bayi berat lahir sangat rendah, kembar, usia kehamilan<37 minggu, keputihan, infeksi saluran kemih tidak berhubungan dengan sepsis.Kesimpulan. Ketuban pecah dini >18 jam berhubungan dengan sepsis awitan dini.
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