Background: Indonesia’s national stunting prevalence remains high. The transition from exclusive breastfeeding to poor complementary feeding practices may put infants at higher risk of becoming stunting. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the early introduction of complementary food and stunting among young children aged 6-23 months in Kebumen Regency. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 307 young children in Kebumen Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia, by using multistage cluster sampling. Our primary outcome was stunting or height-for-age z-score <-2, whereas independent variables were child, maternal, and household factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess significant determinants at the level of significance 0.05. Results: Timely introduction of complementary food was a protective factor against stunting (AOR= 0.54; 95%CI: 0.31-0.94). Female children were less likely to be associated with stunting (AOR= 0.54; 95%CI: 0.32-0.93). Conversely, variables which significantly increased the risk of becoming stunting included older children aged 12-17 months (AOR= 2.01; 95%CI: 1.05-3.84) and 18-23 months (AOR= 4.17; 95%CI: 2.15-8.08) and maternal occupation in agricultural sectors (AOR= 3.77; 95%CI: 1.17-12.1). Conclusions: Child factors associated with stunting was the first timing of complementary feeding, child sex, and child age. The maternal factor linked to stunting was the mother's occupation in the agricultural sector. This study indicated that child and maternal factors play essential roles in childhood stunting.

Background: The number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Indonesia keeps increasing even though the Indonesian government continuously communicates mitigation strategies. This study aimed to- estimate the proportion of risk perception towards COVID-19 behavioural adaptation recommendations and examine its sociodemographic determinants in Indonesia.Methods: An online-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,007 individuals aged 15-60 years old. Our primary outcome was risk perception towards COVID-19 behavioural adaptations. Independent variables included sociodemographic factors such as sex, age, educational level, type of occupation, family size, economic status, and regions. Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression were performed to analyse the data.Results: Around 78% of participants had a high level of risk perception related to COVID-19 behavioural adaptation recommendations. Among the participants, being females (AOR= 2.40; 95% CI: 1.76-3.27) and health professionals (AOR= 1.42; 95% CI: 0.64-1.44) were significantly associated with higher risk perceptions. In contrast, residing in Kalimantan and Sulawesi (AOR= 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23-0.79) and Eastern Indonesia (AOR= 0.43; 95% CI: 0.21-0.88) were significantly associated with lower risk perceptions.Conclusions: Despite the high levels of risk perceptions among the Indonesian population, sociodemographic variations drove the risk perception of behavioural adaptation recommendations concerning COVID-19.