Introduction: Ixodine are an integral part of many biotopes, in particular rarefied deciduous and mixed forests, gardens, parks, squares, semi-steppe and steppe areas, etc. Over the past decade, the role of ticks has increased in the transfer of pathogens of many diseases of animals and humans. In particular, these are tick borelliosis, anaplasmosis, erlichiosis, babesiosis, and etc. An important element of the study of ticks is the study of their morphology, physiology, biology, medical and sanitary significance. The aim: Investigation of morphological and physiological features of various life stages of ticks during the feeding period, studying the epidemiological state of acariana in different seasons. Materials and methods: The main materials and tools used to catch, keep and identify the ticks were tweezers, lenses, microscopic needles, white cloth for the «flag», alcohol 70%, test tubes. The study was carried out using optical and electronic system SEO-IMAGLAB. Investigation of epidemiological state was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using amplifier method “ROTOR Gene -6000” in real time. Results: As a result of the analysis of morphological parameters, certain regularities in the ratio of total body length to the width of the abdomen were found at different stages of saturation. From the investigated acariana in 2017 to detect infectious pathogens, 46 females (39%), 56 nymphs (32%), 1 larvae (33.3%) were investigated. 2 undetected acariana were carriers of 3 types of pathogens infectious diseases: Borrelia Burgdorferi senso lato (66 cases), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (30 cases) and Borrelia Miyamotoi (6 cases). According to the results of 2018, the number of carriers of the infectious agents was 158 (33.2%), which of them were females 58 (33.7%), males 2 (40%), nymphs 86 (32.5%), larvae 2 (10.5%). Conclusions: Proceeding from the analysis of the infection frequency of Ixodes ricinus carriers of infectious diseases, it was found out the increase in the number of females and nymphs of borrels carriers, from May to July with an average temperature increase of 18-230С to 25-270С and subsequently a decrease in the frequency of their infection from August to October when the temperature drops to 20-150С.

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Considering the geographical position of Ukraine, which is located on the border of several physical and geographical zones, the country has a significant variety of parasitic invertebrates and requires constant monitoring in the current integration conditions. Nowadays climatic changes and anthropogenic effect have an impact on ecosystems organization and cause the incidence of transmissible diseases, including tick-borne infections. In order to prevent the spread of pathogens, there is a necessity to analyze modern data of Ixodidae genus ticks, as components of natural and focal humans and animals diseases, their ecological features, behavioral responses, features of biotopic spread, biological patterns, their epidemiological significance. Our review analysis revealed that all stages of tick development depend on three major natural factors: temperature, humidity, duration of the photoperiod, and the presence of a host. Particularly important is the combination of the first two factors that determines the occurrence of two peaks of the number of ticks in April - May and in August – September, the last is less extended. At this time of year the nymphs and imago density increases and their infectious agents rate is increased too. The study of the epidemiological condition proves the fact that nymphs and imago of I. ricinus are equally infected with the most common pathogens of infections: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) and Borrelia miyamotoi, rickettsiae bacteria (Anaplasma phagocytophilum), flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus and deer tick virus) and the protozoans (Babesia microti, Babesia duncani, Babesia divergens and Babesia venatorum). Often there is a different combination of these pathogens in the one tick. The infectious agents rate have an impact on the ticks behavior differences in the feeding duration, increasing ticks bites frequency, decreasing of blood feeding, and a prolongation of the life cycle. Therefore within the transboundary territories the urgent control of agents and vectors of infectious and invasive animals and humans diseases is required, studying changes of migrant thermophilic species habitats geography, and systematic measures for the prevention of parasites implementation is needed.